Case Finding and Management of Childhood Cataracts: The Role of a Child Eye Health Programme in Kaduna State, Nigeria.

Objective: To evaluate the output of a child eye health programme in terms of identification, referral, and volume of paediatric cataract surgeries in Kaduna State, Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective review of the North-West Nigeria Child Eye Health Initiative programme referral registers at primary, secondary and tertiary hospitals in Kaduna State. Theatre registers of children 0-16 years who had cataract surgery at National Eye Centre Kaduna between 2016 and 2019 were also reviewed.

Validation and epidemiologic definition of the novel steatotic liver disease nomenclature in a national United States cohort with cirrhosis.

Background And Aims: Novel steatotic liver disease (SLD) definitions were introduced in 2023. Accurate and meaningful classifications using clinical data are needed to study interventions and outcomes.

Methods: In a national cohort of Veterans with cirrhosis and imaging-confirmed steatosis, seven algorithms differentially emphasizing cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) and alcohol exposure were developed to define alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), metabolic dysfunction associated SLD (MASLD), and MASLD with increased alcohol intake (MetALD).

Nonunion of Fractures: A Review of Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features in Recent Literature.

Understanding the etiology of nonunion is crucial to its effective management. Nonunion arises from a complex interplay of biological and mechanical factors. High-velocity injuries, which are becoming more prevalent, often involve extensive soft-tissue damage and stripping compromises the vascularity of bone fragments.

Ethanol for the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a systematic review.

Introduction: Alcohol withdrawal is typically managed using benzodiazepines. However, modulation of both γ-aminobutyric acid-A and N-methyl-d-aspartate-receptors through ethanol provision may provide an alternative management strategy. This systematic review critically analyses the evidence surrounding the use of oral or intravenous ethanol for the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.