From 2014 to 2017, the drug overdose death rate per 100,000 in New York City (NYC) increased by 81%, with 57% of overdoses in 2017 involving the opioid fentanyl. In response, overdose education and naloxone dispensing (OEND) efforts were expanded in NYC, informed by neighborhood-level and population-level opioid overdose fatality rates. We describe the demographic and geographical distribution of naloxone by NYC opioid overdose prevention programs (OOPPs; the primary distributor of naloxone to laypersons in NYC) as OEND was expanded in NYC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
January 2025
Background: HIV continues to disproportionately impact men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States (US). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective, but disparities persist. Limited studies have conducted systematic evaluations of social determinants of health (SDOH) and their effects on PrEP persistence among MSM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe genomes of human gut bacteria in the genus Bacteroides include numerous operons for biosynthesis of diverse capsular polysaccharides (CPSs). The first two genes of each CPS operon encode a locus-specific paralog of transcription elongation factor NusG (called UpxY), which enhances transcript elongation, and a UpxZ protein that inhibits noncognate UpxYs. This process, together with promoter inversions, ensures that a single CPS operon is transcribed in most cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a subset of RNA molecules that have been shown to be involved in gene regulation. A lot of different pathways are involved during gametogenesis and any disturbance to these pathways may have a derogatory impact on producing a haploid gamete and thus a euploid embryo. Steroidogenesis pathway plays a crucial role in gametogenesis.
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