Craniofacial morphogenesis is highly complex, as is the anatomical region involved. Errors during this process, resulting in orofacial clefts, occur in more than 400 genetic syndromes. Some cases of cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) are caused by mutations in single genes; however, complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors are considered to be responsible for the majority of non-syndromic CLP development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP and CL, respectively) and isolated cleft palate (CP) represent one of the most common human birth defects, with a prevalence of approximately 1 in 300-2500 depending on the population. Formation of non-syndromic CL/CLP and CP arises from the interaction of environmental and genetic factors. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the BMP4 gene (encoding bone morphogenetic protein 4) and non-syndromic CL/CLP and CP in order to clarify the role of this gene in the aetiology of the malformation in Latvian and Lithuanian populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBirth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol
April 2011
Background: Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common complex birth defect caused by the interaction between multiple genes and environmental factors.
Methods: Five hundred and eighty-seven single nucleotide polymorphisms in 40 candidate genes related to orofacial clefting were tested for association with CL/P in a clefting sample composed of 300 patients and 606 controls from Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian populations.
Results: In case-control comparisons, the minor alleles of FGF1 rs34010 (p = 4.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol
September 2010
Background: Orofacial clefts are among the most common birth defects with a strong genetic component. Nonsyndromic cleft palate (NSCP) is a complex malformation determined by the interaction between multiple genes and environmental risk factors.
Methods: We conducted a case-control association study to investigate the role of 40 candidate genes in predisposition to orofacial clefting.