A Coordinated Effort to Manage Soybean Rust in North America: A Success Story in Soybean Disease Monitoring.

Existing crop monitoring programs determine the incidence and distribution of plant diseases and pathogens and assess the damage caused within a crop production region. These programs have traditionally used observed or predicted disease and pathogen data and environmental information to prescribe management practices that minimize crop loss. Monitoring programs are especially important for crops with broad geographic distribution or for diseases that can cause rapid and great economic losses.

First Report of Ascochyta Blight of Field Pea Caused by Ascochyta pisi in South Dakota.

Tan lesions approximately 1.7 × 0.8 cm with distinct dark brown margins and small pycnidia were observed on leaves of field peas (Pisum sativum L.

Hypofractionation in radiotherapy. An investigation of injured Swedish women, treated for cancer of the breast.

Background: The Swedish Insurance Company for Patient Injuries asked the two authors of this report to identify the Swedish women with cancer of the breast who had been injured by radiotherapy with a hypofractionated schedule. The purpose was to provide a basis on which the Company could decide if indemnification could be given.

Material And Methods: We define hypo-fractionation as any fraction dose exceeding 2.

Six-year recurrence free survival after intraluminal iridium-192 therapy of human bilobar biliary papillomatosis. A case report.

Background: Biliary papillomatosis is rare and often fatal. Liver resection or transplantation is recommended but may be impossible due to tumor or patient factors; furthermore, it appears to the authors of this study that no follow-up results after transplantation have been reported in previous studies.

Methods: Bilobar but limited biliary papillomatosis in a man age 54 years was mapped by cholangiopancreatography, cholecystectomy, and operative cholangioscopy.