[Recurrent and residual stones in the bile ducts].

Data of 205 patients with recurrent (48) and residual (157) choledocholithiases are presented. In most observations postoperative cholelithiasis proceeded by the type of chronic intermittent obturation of bile ducts. Highly effective method of diagnosing recurrent and residual calculi is thought to be the endoscopic retrograde pancreatocholangiography, best results of the treatment being obtained after the endoscopic papillosphincterotomy which should be used as the operation of choice.

[Evaluation of late results of surgical treatment of choledocho- lithiasis].

An experience with repeated examinations of 656 patients operated upon for bile calculi is presented. It was shown that the estimation of long-term results of surgical treatment of choledocholithiasis should be performed on the basis of common criteria three years after operation by complex use of clinical, laboratory, X-ray and endoscopic methods of examination. Debatable questions associated with the interpretation of special examinations and their influence on the clinical estimation of long-term results are elucidated.

[Late results of the surgical treatment of patients with biliary calculi].

The authors analyse the late results of surgical treatment of 463 patients who underwent operation for stones in the bile ducts. The late results were found to be determined by the character of the affection of the bile excreting system and the rational choice of the operative method. The indications and contraindications for various methods of treating cholelithiasis were determined more precisely from study of the late results.

[Acute cholecystitis and its complications].

The results of operative treatment of 4,011 patients with acute complications of cholecystitis are analysed. Problems of diagnosis and tactics and the results of treatment are discussed. It is pointed out that the management of patients with acute complicated cholecystitis is a great and urgent problem in abdominal surgery in view of the diffuse character of the process.