In-vivo Raman microspectroscopy reveals differential nitrate concentration in different developmental zones in Arabidopsis roots.

Background: Nitrate (NO) is one of the two major forms of inorganic nitrogen absorbed by plant roots, and the tissue nitrate concentration in roots is considered important for optimizing developmental programs. Technologies to quantify the expression levels of nitrate transporters and assimilating enzymes at the cellular level have improved drastically in the past decade. However, a technological gap remains for detecting nitrate at a high spatial resolution.

Oxford Nanopore Technology-Based Identification of an Endosymbiosis in Microbial Keratitis.

(1) Background: Microbial keratitis is a serious eye infection that carries a significant risk of vision loss. spp. are known to cause keratitis and their bacterial endosymbionts can increase virulence and/or treatment resistance and thus significantly worsen the course of the disease.

Molecular Genetic Analysis of Perioperative Colonization by Infection-Related Microorganisms in Patients Receiving Intraoral Microvascular Grafts.

: In oral and maxillofacial surgery, the reconstruction of defects often involves the transfer of skin tissue into the oral cavity utilizing microvascular grafts. This study investigates postoperative changes in microbial colonization following intraoral microvascular transplantation, as well as potential influencing factors. : In 37 patients undergoing intraoral reconstructions, pre- and postoperative swabs were taken from the donor and recipient regions to quantify the seven selected marker bacteria using TaqMan PCRs.

Insights into gut microbiomes in stem cell transplantation by comprehensive shotgun long-read sequencing.

The gut microbiome is a diverse ecosystem, dominated by bacteria; however, fungi, phages/viruses, archaea, and protozoa are also important members of the gut microbiota. Exploration of taxonomic compositions beyond bacteria as well as an understanding of the interaction between the bacteriome with the other members is limited using 16S rDNA sequencing. Here, we developed a pipeline enabling the simultaneous interrogation of the gut microbiome (bacteriome, mycobiome, archaeome, eukaryome, DNA virome) and of antibiotic resistance genes based on optimized long-read shotgun metagenomics protocols and custom bioinformatics.

Characterisation of Type II DNA Methyltransferases of .

Bacterial virulence, persistence and defence are affected by epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation. Solitary DNA methyltransferases modulate a variety of cellular processes and influence bacterial virulence; as part of a restriction-modification (RM) system, they act as a primitive immune system in methylating the own DNA, while unmethylated foreign DNA is restricted. We identified a large family of type II DNA methyltransferases in , comprising six solitary methyltransferases and four RM systems.