High School Athletes' Perceptions of Concussion.

Background: The perception high school athletes have regarding concussions may influence their injury-reporting behavior, and if their perceptions are based on incorrect or incomplete information, they may be at risk for subsequent head injuries.

Purpose: To determine whether the recent influx of concussion information has had a positive impact on high school athletes' knowledge of concussions, to determine their perceptions regarding the severity of a concussion injury, and to determine whether receiving correct information will potentially alter their future reporting behavior.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 4.

Implementation of a written protocol for management of central venous access devices: a theoretical and practical education, including bedside examinations.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate registered nurses' (RN) compliance with a local clinical central venous access device (CVAD) protocol after completing an educational program and to determine RNs' perception of the program. Seventy-five RNs working in hematology participated in the educational part of the program. Sixty-eight RNs were examined while changing CVAD dressings or placing a Huber needle into a port on actual patients.

Pain perception across the menstrual cycle phases in women with chronic pain.

The menstrual cycle has been reported to alter pain perception but the patterns differ among studies. It has been reported that estrogens may influence somatic sensory processes. The present aim was to investigate whether the perception of pain varies by phases of the menstrual cycle.

Pain perception to the cold pressor test during the menstrual cycle in relation to estrogen levels and a comparison with men.

Animal and human research has shown that pain sensitivity changes during the menstrual cycle. This has sometimes been ascribed to hormonal variations. The aim of the present study was to examine how perception of pain, induced by the cold pressor test to the dominant hand, was related to gender and phases of the menstrual cycle.