[Neonatal bacterial infections].

Bacterial infections during the first months of life remain a significant cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. This article reviews the recent knowledges of responsible bacteria and pathogenetic mechanisms as well as advancements in life support therapy, in antimicrobial agents and in immunotherapy.

Clinical pharmacology of netilmicin in preterm and term newborn infants.

Sixty-four neonates, with gestational age ranging from 27 1/2 to 40 weeks, postnatal age from 1 to 15 days, and birth weight from 800 to 3400 gm, were given netilmicin 2.5 mg/kg intramuscularly two or three times per day according to postnatal age, for 5 to 14 days. Serum concentrations were measured before and 1 hour after a dose at least twice during treatment.

Evaluation in guinea pigs of the allergenic capacity of two infant formulae based on hydrolyzed milk proteins.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the potential capacity of infant formulae based, respectively, on hydrolyzed casein and on hydrolyzed whey proteins to induce sensitization in guinea pigs. This potential capacity was tested by intravenous challenges with centrifuged formulae and by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. The results showed that neither formula was sensitizing, therefore suggesting that protein hydrolyzates can be considered a suitable cow's milk substitute for infants with cow's milk protein intolerance.

Efficacy and safety of the "integral" phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Results of a follow-up at 6 years of age.

One hundred and ten full-term newborns were treated with integral phototherapy (IP) in the first week of life for hyperbilirubinemia (peak bilirubin concentration, 19.5 +/- 2.8 mg/dl).

The prevention of respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants: efficacy of antenatal aminophylline treatment versus prenatal glucocorticoid administration.

Antepartum administration of aminophylline (AF) to pregnant animals resulted in accelerated and increased pulmonary maturation as well as in decreased morbidity and mortality from RDS in premature offspring. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of antenatal AF treatment on the frequency of RDS among premature infants born of women who were treated (18) and to compare this group with betamethasone (GC) treated group (16 women). No statistical significant differences were noted between the AF and GC groups in the incidence of RDS (AF = 11.