Primary Photophysics of Nicotinamide Chromophores in Their Oxidized and Reduced Forms.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is an important enzyme cofactor with emissive properties that allow it to be used in fluorescence microscopies to study cell metabolism. Its oxidized form NAD, on the other hand, is considered to produce negligible fluorescence. In this contribution, we describe the photophysics of the isolated nicotinamidic system in both its reduced and oxidized states.

Improvement in Smell Using Monoclonal Antibodies Among Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: A Systematic Review.

Background: Impairment of smell is more commonly related to chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) than without, especially when asthma and/or NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease and type 2 inflammation are also present. Therapeutic options include intranasal and systemic corticosteroids, surgery, and, more recently, biological therapy. We summarize current knowledge on the effect of biologics on olfaction in patients with CRSwNP.