CRIPTO's multifaceted role in driving aggressive prostate cancer unveiled by in vivo, organoid, and patient data.

CRIPTO (or CR-1 or TDGF1) is a protein that plays an active role in tumor initiation and progression. We have confirmed that increased expression of CRIPTO is associated with clinical and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression in human prostate tissues. Our approach involved gaining insight into the role of CRIPTO signaling in castration-resistant Nkx3.

Mononuclear metal complex catalysts on supports: foundations in organometallic and surface chemistry and insights into structure, reactivity, and catalysis.

Catalysts that consist of isolated metal atoms bonded to solid supports have drawn wide attention by researchers, with recent work emphasizing noble metals on metal oxide and zeolite supports. Progress has been facilitated by methods for atomic-scale imaging the metals and spectroscopic characterization of the supported structures and the nature of metal-support bonding, even with catalysts in the working state. Because of the intrinsic heterogeneity of support surface sites for bonding of metals and the tendency of noble metal cations on supports to be reduced and aggregated, it is challenging to determine structures of individual metal complexes among the mixtures that may be present and to determine structures of catalytically active species and reactive intermediates.

Chemistry of Formate and Water Ligands on Metal Oxide Cluster Nodes of Metal-Organic Framework hcp Hf-UiO-66: Keys to Understanding Reactivity of Paired μ-OH and Defect Sites.

Many metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) incorporate nodes that are metal oxide clusters, and ligands that have been observed on these nodes include formates, acetates, water, hydroxyl groups, and others, all of which are potentially important in affecting reactivities for applications in separations, catalysis, and sensing. Formate is a common node ligand, arising from formic acid used as a modulator and from ,-dimethylformamide used as a solvent in MOF syntheses. Yet only little work has been reported characterizing the reactivities of node formate ligands.

Mcam stabilizes a luminal progenitor-like breast cancer cell state via Ck2 control and Src/Akt/Stat3 attenuation.

Cell state control is crucial for normal tissue development and cancer cell mimicry of stem/progenitor states, contributing to tumor heterogeneity, therapy resistance, and progression. Here, we demonstrate that the cell surface glycoprotein Mcam maintains the tumorigenic luminal progenitor (LP)-like epithelial cell state, leading to Basal-like mammary cancers. In the Py230 mouse mammary carcinoma model, Mcam knockdown (KD) destabilized the LP state by deregulating the Ck2/Stat3 axis, causing a switch to alveolar and basal states, loss of an estrogen-sensing subpopulation, and resistance to tamoxifen-an effect reversed by Ck2 and Stat3 inhibitors.

Analyzing Stabilities of Metal-Organic Frameworks: Correlation of Stability with Node Coordination to Linkers and Degree of Node Metal Hydrolysis.

Among the important properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is stability, which may limit applications, for example, in separations and catalysis. Many MOFs consist of metal oxo cluster nodes connected by carboxylate linkers. Addressing MOF stability, we highlight connections between metal oxo cluster chemistry and MOF node chemistry, including results characterizing Keggin ions and biological clusters.