Objective: The Better Health Access Initiative added 32 Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) item numbers in 2006 to increase the number of people with access to mental health care. We investigated trends in the provision of outpatient Medicare-subsidised psychiatric services since the introduction of these item numbers in 2006 through 2019.
Methods: Medicare Benefits Schedule aggregated item-number claims data were obtained from the Services Australia Medicare website, between January 2006 and December 2019 inclusive, for face-to-face psychiatrist consultations.
The synthesis of a series of neoglycolipid conjugates of foscarnet as potential drug targeting forms or lipophilic prodrugs of foscarnet is described. The compounds were obtained from suitably protected neoglycolipids, in which the lipid chain consisted of 12 to 20 carbon atoms, by ethoxycarbonylphosphonylation at the 6-hydroxyl or 4-hydroxyl group followed by deprotection. The in vitro antiviral activity of the compounds was determined in human foetal lung cells infected with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) or herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe 2-deoxy analogue of 3-deoxy-beta-D-manno-2-octulopyranosonic acid (2-deoxy-beta-KDO, 2) is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase, which is involved in the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide, an essential component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Since compound 2 lacks antibacterial activity, a series of 8-substituted derivatives of 2 has been synthesized in an attempt to find enzyme inhibitors suitable for modification as antibacterials. Compounds 9, 11, and 13, in which the 8-hydroxy group of 2 is replaced by F, H, and NH2, respectively, were as potent inhibitors of the enzyme as 2, but were devoid of antibacterial activity, with the exception of the amino acid 13, which showed weak activity against some strains of Salmonella typhimurium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOn the basis of the knowledge that the amino acid 3 (8-amino-2,6-anhydro-3,8-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-talo-octonic acid) is a potent inhibitor of 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase, attempts were made to design derivatives that would act as antibacterials against Gram-negative bacteria by inhibiting lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. Compound 3 and the derivatives 15 and 16 containing an additional amino acid were not lethal to bacteria. However, compounds 17-22, which contain a N-terminally linked dipeptide, exhibited good antibacterial activity in vitro on testing against strains of the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium.
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