Low amniotic fluid volume is poorly identified in singleton and twin pregnancies using the 2 x 2 cm pocket technique of the biophysical profile.

Background: This study was done to determine the accuracy of the 2 x 2 cm pocket identifying low amniotic fluid (AF) volume in singleton and twin pregnancies.

Methods: The AF volume was evaluated by ultrasonography for the presence of a 2 x 2 cm pocket before amniocentesis. The actual AF volume was then determined by a diazo-dye reaction with subsequent spectrophotometric analysis using paraminohippurate.

Is amniotic fluid analysis the key to preterm labor? A model using interleukin-6 for predicting rapid delivery.

Objective: Our purpose was to create a model for predicting amnionitis and rapid delivery in preterm labor patients by use of amniotic fluid interleukin-6 and clinical parameters.

Study Design: Amniotic fluid was cultured and analyzed, and a clinical score (incorporating gestational age, amniotic fluid Gram stain, glucose, leukocyte esterase, and maternal serum C-reactive protein) was determined in 111 patients diagnosed with preterm labor. Statistical analysis involved t tests, chi2, logarithmic regression, and multivariate regression analysis (P < or = .

Management of pregnancies beyond forty-one weeks' gestation with an unfavorable cervix.

Objective: Our purpose was to determine the optimal management of pregnancies beyond 41 weeks' gestation with a cervix unfavorable for induction.

Study Design: All uncomplicated pregnancies that reached 41 weeks' gestation with a Bishop score of < or = 4 were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) daily cervical examinations, (2) daily membrane stripping, or (3) daily placement of prostaglandin gel until 42 weeks.

Results: In 105 pregnancies the Bishop score on admission to labor and delivery was significantly greater in the groups receiving prostaglandin or stripping of the membranes versus the control group, whereas the converse was time of gestational age at delivery (p = 0.

The accuracy of the summated amniotic fluid index in evaluating amniotic fluid volume in twin pregnancies.

Objective: Our purpose was to determine the accuracy of the summated amniotic fluid index designed to estimate the total amniotic fluid volume in twin pregnancies.

Study Design: The summated amniotic fluid index was measured in 62 normal diamniotic twin pregnancies by adding the deepest vertical pockets in the four quadrants. Actual amniotic fluid volume was then determined in all 124 amniotic sacs by amniocentesis and a dye-dilution technique.

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome complicating pregnancy.

Objective: The purpose of this report is to bring to the attention of obstetric care providers the occurrence in pregnancy of a threatening pulmonary syndrome caused by hantavirus infection.

Study Design: Two recent cases of hantavirus pneumonitis in pregnancy, one complicated by adult respiratory distress syndrome, are presented. The clinical characteristics and epidemiology of the illness, which has now been reported in 12 western states, are detailed.