[Cytological and cytogenetic studies of cells of Mongolian gerbils' retinal epithelium and marrow following 12-day space flight].

The paper report the results of studying mitotic activity and cytogenetic disorders in marrow and retinal epithelium cells of Mongolian gerbils in 21 - 23 hrs. of landing space apparatus Foton-M3, and the animals of synchronous and vivarium controls. Cells of the space flown gerbils displayed a statistically significant (p < 0.

[Cytogenetic analysis of cosmonaut's blood lymphocytes exposed to low space radiation doses and its place in clinical-physiological health monitoring].

The article discusses the informative significance and pertinence of cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes to the clinical-physiological investigations of cosmonauts conducted before and after space missions (SM) of varying duration. The authors point out high sensitivity of the technique, relative simplicity and affordability of the analysis of instable chromosomal aberrations including such radiation effect markers as dicentrics and centric rings. Cytogenetic investigation of cosmonauts could be used to estimate ionizing radiation dose, and to predict delayed effects.

[Cytological and cytogenetic damages of spermatogonial cells in mice in the acute and late periods after irradiation by protons, helium ions, and gamma-rays].

Experiments with small test animals have been carried out to study the survival rate of spermatogenic cells in the acute period after exposure to protons with the energy 9 GeV, helium ions with the energy 4 GeV/nucleon, and 60Co gamma radiation in doses of 0.5-7.5 Gy and the reciprocal translocation frequency in spermatocytes under meiosis at the diakinesis-metaphase-1 stage six months after the exposure of the animals to protons with the energy 50 MeV and 9 GeV, helium ions with the energy 4 GeV/nucleon, and 60Co gamma-radiation in doses of 0.

[Chromosomal aberrations upon isolated and combined exposures to chemical substances and ionizing irradiation].

The partial summation of biological effects evaluated by the anaphasic chromosomal aberration test in the bone marrow karyocytes of mice was determined when the animals were concurrently exposed to chemical substances (acetone, acetaldehyde, ammonia, and ethanol) at low concentrations and gamma-irradiation in a total dose of 30 Gy. Qualitative analysis of chromosomal aberrations in the karyocytes of the bone marrow (ponses, fragments) has indicated that upon combined exposure of the animals to the chemical substances and gamma-irradiation, the chemical factor is dominant since upon combined radiochemical exposure, the number of chromosomal aberration increases mainly at the expense of fragments (91.2%), as does upon isolated exposure to chemical substances (96.

[Cytogenetic effects on blood lymphocytes of cosmonauts after low doses of space radiation].

Cytogenetic changes in cultures of blood lymphocytes from 37 cosmonauts returned from space flights of varying duration were analyzed. Prolonged stay in space was shown to increase numbers of stable and unstable chromosomal aberrations. Frequency of dicentric and centric rings depends on flight duration, as well as values of accumulated dose from and dose rate of space radiation.