Relative significance of hydrophilic partitioning and surface adsorption to the retention of polar compounds in hydrophilic interaction chromatography.

It is commonly acknowledged that the retention of non-ionized polar analytes on polar stationary phases is governed by hydrophilic partitioning and surface adsorption. However, it has been difficult to evaluate whether partitioning or adsorption is the dominant mechanism for a specific polar compound on a polar stationary phase. We have developed a simple method based on the thermodynamic principle of partitioning to quantitatively investigate the retention contributed by the partitioning or adsorption mechanism.

An epidemic of waterborne Shigella gastroenteritis in Kibbutzim of western Galilee in Israel.

In an epidemic of Shigella sonnei gastroenteritis, probably waterborne, 1216 people were affected within three weeks, 302 of them members of communal settlements, the kibbutzim. A descriptive study of the epidemic in six affected kibbutzim in the area showed that the highest rates of diarrhoea occurred in a kibbutz that received its drinking water solely from the allegedly contaminated well. People at high risk within the kibbutzim were temporary visitors from Europe and the US (the volunteers), children aged 1 to 5 years, adult women, and children and their mothers in kibbutzim where the sleeping arrangements for the children was in 'children's houses'.

[Morbidity in primary care clinics of 29 kibbutzim--prospective study].

All consultations and diagnoses in the clinics of 29 kibbutzim during the 12-month period, March 1981-February 1982, were analyzed. In these clinics there is physician-nurse teamwork and the nurse handles independently certain types of consultations which in the regular Kupat Holim clinic would ordinarily be handled by a physician. The total study population was 15,605, and there were 62,950 consultations during the observation period, giving an average annual rate of 4.

[Morbidity among kibbutz children determined by health interview].

Morbidity in 1,565 children up to the age of 6 years on 28 kibbutzim over a period of 6 days was examined. The data reported in a health interview were compared with those reported to the kibbutz clinics. The health interview gave a morbidity of 38% during the 6 days studied, equivalent to a mean of 23.

The health diary as a source of information on kibbutz morbidity.

This study explores the use of health diaries as a source of information of general morbidity and health behavior among kibbutz residents. Two diary formats were randomly assigned to 76 families. Diary I (HDI) required daily responses concerning all health events for each family, even if no events occurred.