Air Hunger Far Exceeds Dyspnea Sense of Effort During Mechanical Ventilation and a Weaning Trial.

Rationale: No systematic investigation into dyspnea in patients receiving prolonged ventilation (>21 days) after recovering from critical-illness has been published.

Objectives: To determine magnitude, nature and pathophysiological basis of dyspnea during an unassisted-breathing trial in prolonged-ventilation patients.

Methods: Dyspnea intensity and descriptor selection were investigated in 27 prolonged-ventilation patients during a 60-min unassisted-breathing trial.

Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Expression and Clinical Outcomes Among Patients with Resected, Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Real-World Study.

Treatment options for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are evolving, given recent and expected approvals of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death-(ligand) 1 (PD-1/PD-L1). We retrospectively evaluated outcomes among patients with resected stage IB-IIIA NSCLC tumors expressing PD-L1 using PALEOS (Pan-cAnadian Lung cancEr Observational Study) data (2016-2019). Key outcomes included PD-L1 expression rate and treatment patterns, recurrence, and median overall (mOS) and disease-free survival (mDFS) among PD-L1+ patients.

Adaptive Universal Principles for Real-world Observational Studies (AUPROS): an approach to designing real-world observational studies for clinical, epidemiologic, and precision oncology research.

The field of precision oncology has witnessed several advances that stimulated the development of new clinical trial designs and the emergence of real-world data (RWD) as an important resource for evidence generation in healthcare decision-making. Here, we highlight our experience with an innovative approach to a set of Adaptive, Universal Principles for Real-world Observational Studies (AUPROS). To demonstrate the utility of these principles, we used a mixed-methods approach to assess three studies that follow AUPROS at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre: (1) Molecular Epidemiology of ThorAcic Lesions (METAL), (2) Translational Head And NecK Study (THANKS), and (3) CAnadian CAncers With Rare Molecular Alterations (CARMA; NCT04151342).

The Chronic Conditions Care Collaborative (4C Collaborative): A Platform for Improving Diabetes and Heart Disease Outcomes in Rural South Carolina.

Rural U.S. counties experience racial, geographic, and socioeconomic disparities in chronic diseases.

A positive psychology framework for understanding teenage driving behaviors: Examining the role of life purpose and mindfulness.

Objective: The overwhelming majority of teenage driving research in the US is framed around characteristics associated with risk, rather than factors that promote safety. In this study, we examine the role of purpose in life and mindfulness as two factors that may be associated with safer driving behaviors.

Methods: Using survey responses from a nationally representative sample of teenagers (aged 16-19) we used structural equation modeling to construct three latent variables - sense of purpose, mindfulness, and risky driving-and evaluate the associations between these latent variables among teenage drivers.