Malformation of the endoplasmic reticulum system evolving into giant inclusions and Auer bodies in acute promyelocytic leukemia: an ultrastructural study of 6 cases.

The endoplasmic reticulum（ER）is the largest membranous network serving as a region for protein, lipid and steroid synthesis, transport and storage. Detailed information about ER-cisternae, ER-tubules and rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) is scarce in human blood cells. This study describes a series of giant inclusions and Auer bodies in promyeloblasts in six patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cytochemical stains.

Structural characterization and origin of surface vesicles in monocytes: another membranous pathway from cytoplasm to cell surface.

The monocytes in acute monocytic leukemia (AML-M5b) were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) to understand more fully their structure and origin. By SEM, monocytes exhibited localized expansions of the surface, some of which appeared to bud off as surface vesicles (SVs). Filopodial processes and pseudopodia were also present.

Development of Auer bodies from giant inclusions associated with rough endoplasmic reticulum in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Giant inclusions and Auer bodies in promyeloblasts were investigated in a study which included transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for morphology and ultrastructural cytochemistry for myeloperoxidase in 10 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Ultrastructural cytochemistry demonstrated positive myeloperoxidase reactivity in giant inclusions, expanded rER cisternae, Auer bodies and primary granules. TEM revealed that giant inclusions were adorned by degenerated rER membrane, some of them sharing features with Auer bodies.

Ultrastructural characteristics of erythroid cells in congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II, with a focus on peripheral cisternae and double membranes.

Peripheral cisternae and double membranes (PCDMs) in erythroid cells are a landmark of type II congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA). To gain further insights into the mechanism of dyserythropoiesis, erythroblasts and erythrocytes in bone marrow were studied in 22 Chinese patients with CDA Ⅱ by transmission electron microscopy. The study demonstrated an increase in all patients in erythroblasts with PCDMs with development from pro-erythroblast to red blood cells.