"Toward Breast Reinnervation- What is our Endpoint" A systematic review of normal breast sensibility.

Background: To restore breast sensibility, some centers are offering nerve reconstruction as a component of implant and flap-based breast reconstruction. To interpret and contextualize the results of these procedures, it is necessary to understand the normal range of breast sensibility, the factors that affect it, and the best methods for its objective measurement.

Methods: We conducted systematic and comprehensive searches across PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases using keywords and controlled vocabulary for the concepts of the breast, nipple, areola, and measurement.

Isolated Spinal Accessory Nerve Palsy from Volleyball Injury.

Spinal accessory nerve (SAN) palsy is typically a result of posterior triangle surgery and can present with partial or complete paralysis of the trapezius muscle and severe shoulder dysfunction. We share an atypical case of a patient who presented with SAN palsy following an injury sustained playing competitive volleyball. A 19-year-old right hand dominant competitive volleyball player presented with right shoulder weakness, dyskinesia, and pain.

Morgellons Disease: The Spread of a Mass Psychogenic Illness via the Internet and Its Implications in Hand Surgery.

Somatic manifestations of mental illness sometimes occur in patients presenting to hand specialists. These conversion disorders can also occur in groups, a phenomenon known as "mass psychogenic illness." The increasing penetrance of the Internet and social media in modern society has greatly facilitated the interaction of patients with others with similar disorders.

Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interfaces for the Management of Symptomatic Hand and Digital Neuromas.

Painful neuromas result from traumatic injuries of the hand and digits and cause substantial physical disability, psychological distress, and decreased quality of life among affected patients. The regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI) is a novel surgical technique that involves implanting the divided end of a peripheral nerve into a free muscle graft for the purposes of mitigating neuroma formation and facilitating prosthetic limb control. The RPNI is effective in treating and preventing neuroma pain in major extremity amputations.

The legacy of early childhood violence exposure to adulthood intimate partner violence: Variable- and person-oriented evidence.

This study examined prospective pathways from exposure to interparental violence (EIPV) during infancy (ages 0-24 months) and toddlerhood/preschool (ages 25-64 months) to intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and victimization in adulthood (ages 23, 26, and 32 years) using 2 complementary approaches. Building on past findings, a variable-oriented approach was used to examine the effects of developmental timing of EIPV in infancy versus toddlerhood/preschool to IPV involvement in early adulthood, at age 23 years. A person-oriented approach next examined whether continuity and change in IPV (persisting, increasing, and decreasing vs.