Cytological changes preceding cervical cancer.

Cervical smears were reviewed from 62 women who developed squamous carcinoma of the cervix up to 18 years later. The findings indicate that the prevention of cervical cancer by screening depends very largely on the detection of severe dyskaryosis. In this series there was no evidence that mild dyskaryosis was a forerunner of invasive disease.

Negative cytology preceding cervical cancer: causes and prevention.

Aim: To assess the validity of negative cervical smear reports in women who subsequently developed cervical cancer; and to determine means of improving the screening process.

Methods: One hundred and forty cervical smears, initially reported as negative from 103 women, and taken up to 12 years before diagnosis of cervical cancer, were reviewed.

Results: Ninety two smears contained dyskaryotic cells.

The changing pattern of cervical cancer in Northern Ireland 1965-1989.

There was a change in pattern of an increased prevalence of cervical cancer in Northern Ireland from 1965 to 1989, characterised by an increased incidence in women under 40 years. These changes occurred despite special screening of younger women, although the screening programme has probably prevented an even greater increase in incidence of the disease. To reduce the incidence of cervical cancer, not only systematic screening but also cervical smears at more frequent intervals would be required.