Large language models are less effective at clinical prediction tasks than locally trained machine learning models.

Objectives: To determine the extent to which current large language models (LLMs) can serve as substitutes for traditional machine learning (ML) as clinical predictors using data from electronic health records (EHRs), we investigated various factors that can impact their adoption, including overall performance, calibration, fairness, and resilience to privacy protections that reduce data fidelity.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and traditional ML (as gradient-boosting trees) on clinical prediction tasks in EHR data from Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) and MIMIC IV.

Profiling of Environmental Mixtures Containing Metals for Their Toxicity Pathways and Mechanism of Action.

Superfund sites are where soil, air, and water are polluted with hazardous materials. Individuals residing and working in these areas are often exposed to metals and other hazardous materials, leading to many adverse health outcomes, including cancer. While individuals are often exposed to multiple chemicals simultaneously, the combined effect of such exposures remains largely unexplored.

Estimation of actual evapotranspiration and water requirements of strategic crops under different stresses.

According to the importance of water conservation in water scarcity regions, estimating the exact amount of required water for crops under different stress conditions in irrigation networks is vital. One of the challenges in water management is estimating these stresses with crop models. AquaCrop is a robust model that can simulate the actual evapotranspiration and the water needs under different biophysical and management conditions.

Race, Genetics, and Social Determinants of Health in Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Literature Review and Call to Action.

Purpose Of Review: Recent evidence suggests that transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CM) is significantly more common than once believed, yet it remains frequently under- and mis-diagnosed. With effective treatments now available, early and accurate diagnosis has become critical for better patient outcomes. Understanding the interplay between genetics, race, and social determinants of health (SDOH) in influencing both ATTR-CM diagnosis and management is essential for bridging the current gaps.

Complications Of Colchicine Initiation in a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease.

We report a case of a 76-year-old female with stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) who experienced multiple adverse events following the initiation of colchicine for a gout flare. Diarrhea led to further complications, including acute renal failure, hypercalcemia, and bradycardia. The patient additionally developed the less common toxicities of myelosuppression and presumed myopathy, resulting in prolonged hospitalization with persistent functional impairment at the time of discharge.