Neonatal and placental factors in relation to the mode of umbilical cord insertion. Stereological analysis of chorionic villi.

Neonatal and placental factors and compartment volumes of placental parenchyma in relation to variations of cord insertions in normal human placentae were examined. The results of our investigation suggest that the mode of umbilical cord insertion has no significant effect on examined components. Stated differences are probably the effect of biological variations during normal placental and fetal development.

Follow-up of the intracranial supernumerary tooth.

A rare case of an intracranially located supernumerary tooth was described, observed over a period of 14 years, where movement was established laterally in relation to the referent Carthesian coordinate system, down and forward with rotation around the anteroposterior axis. During skull growth, the skull base angle changed by 20 degrees, but this movement only affected the change in tooth position slightly. During the observation period, no further changes in the neurological findings were observed.

Stereological analysis of alpha and beta zones of syncytiotrophoblast in human term placenta.

The investigations were carried out to attempt to define and analyze various quantitative structural parameters of syncytiotrophoblast in human term placenta, especially of its functionally active parts, that is alpha and beta zones. The results demonstrated the following: The arrangement of alpha and beta zones in the placenta as a whole is even and regionally independent. Beta zones prevail quantitatively.

[The surface of the syncytiotrophoblast in the human placenta at term in relation to the sex of the neonate].

A stereological analysis was performed on 30 human term placentas. Surface density and total surface of the whole syncytiotrophoblast and its specially differentiated parts (alpha and beta zones, syncytial knots) were measured with regard to the sex of the newborn. The values of stereological variables are higher in placentas of female newborn children, but differences are not statistically significant.

Congenital ureteric diverticula in children and adults: classification, radiological and clinical features.

To date, about 100 cases of a blind-ending branch of a bifid ureter have been reported. We present 13 clinically, radiologically and histologically evaluated cases of congenital ureteric diverticulum. We believe this anomaly is not as rare as hitherto believed and suggest the term congenital ureteric diverticulum for a blind-ending branch of a bifid ureter.