Promoters are key organizers of the duplication of vertebrate genomes.

In vertebrates, single cell analyses of replication timing patterns brought to light a very well controlled program suggesting a tight regulation on initiation sites. Mapping of replication origins with different methods has revealed discrete preferential sites, enriched in promoters and potential G-quadruplex motifs, which can aggregate into initiation zones spanning several tens of kilobases (kb). Another characteristic of replication origins is a nucleosome-free region (NFR).

Potassium overdose using an oral solution: Potassium element expressed in grams as a packaging flaw contributing to medication error.

Drug packaging contributes to the harm-benefit balance of a treatment. Poorly designed packaging can lead to drug misuse with serious consequences. We report a potassium double dose medication error concerning an oral solution.

Clustering of strong replicators associated with active promoters is sufficient to establish an early-replicating domain.

Vertebrate genomes replicate according to a precise temporal program strongly correlated with their organization into A/B compartments. Until now, the molecular mechanisms underlying the establishment of early-replicating domains remain largely unknown. We defined two minimal cis-element modules containing a strong replication origin and chromatin modifier binding sites capable of shifting a targeted mid-late-replicating region for earlier replication.

Replication dynamics of individual loci in single living cells reveal changes in the degree of replication stochasticity through S phase.

Eukaryotic genomes are replicated under the control of a highly sophisticated program during the restricted time period corresponding to S phase. The most widely used replication timing assays, which are performed on populations of millions of cells, suggest that most of the genome is synchronously replicated on homologous chromosomes. We investigated the stochastic nature of this temporal program, by comparing the precise replication times of allelic loci within single vertebrate cells progressing through S phase at six loci replicated from very early to very late.