Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage as a cause of severe fetal anemia.

Introduction: Fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) is a transfu-sion of fetal blood into the maternal circulation. A volume of transfused fetal blood required to cause severe, life-threatening fetal anemia, is not clearly defined. Some authors suggest vol-umes of 80 mL and 150 mL as a threshold which defines mas-sive FMH.

The significance of 3D power Doppler in prenatal diagnosis and the evaluation of the anatomical structure of vein of Galen aneurysmatic malformation: case report.

Prenatal diagnosis of vein of Galen aneurysmatic malformation (VGAM) is made with the use of color Doppler, while in B-mode it is seen as a centrally placed supratentorial cystic structure. 3D-power Doppler (3D-PD) is a method that enables precise visualization of the vascular anatomy of this complex malformation. In our case, VGAM was detected in the 33rd week of gestation with power Doppler, and the use of 3D-PD enabled better visualization of the angioarchitecture and detection of feeding and drainage vessels of aneurysmatic widening.

Three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonographic view of intact cornual pregnancy.

This work presents the case of the cornual ectopic pregnancy of a twenty year old patient who came to be examined due to amenorrhea which had lasted for seven weeks. Two-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound uncovered the existence of an intact ectopic pregnancy. Use of three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound in a coronal section confirmed the diagnosis of cornual ectopic pregnancy, and the patient underwent laparatomy.