Accelerating Tumor Immunotherapy Through a Synergistic Strategy of Increasing Throttle and Relaxing Brake.

Tumor immunotherapy has been widely used clinically, but it is still hindered by weak antitumor immunity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, a kind of simple disodium hydrogen phosphate nanoparticle (Na2HPO4 NP) is prepared to "accelerate" tumor immunotherapy by "increasing throttle" and "relaxing brake" simultaneously. The obtained Na2HPO4 NPs release a large amount of Na+ and HPO42- ions within tumor cells, thereby activating the caspase 1/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis pathway to achieve immune activation.

Genetically Encoded Nucleic Acid Nanostructures for Biological Applications.

Nucleic acid, as a carrier of genetic information, has been widely employed as a building block for the construction of versatile nanostructures with pre-designed sizes and shapes through complementary base pairing. With excellent programmability, addressability, and biocompatibility, nucleic acid nanostructures are extensively applied in biomedical researches, such as bio-imaging, bio-sensing, and drug delivery. Notably, the original gene-encoding capability of the nucleic acids themselves has been utilized in these structurally well-defined nanostructures.

Distinct Fermi Resonance Patterns of Weak Coupling in 2D-IR Spectra of 5-Cyanoindole Revealed by Isotope Labeling.

Fermi resonance is a common phenomenon, and a hidden caveat exists in the applications of infrared probes, causing spectral complication and shorter vibrational lifetime. In this work, using the cyanotryptophan (CNTrp) side chain model compound 5-cyanoindole (CN-5CNI), we performed Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy on unlabeled CN-5CNI and its isotopically labeled substituents (CN-5CNI, CN-5CNI, CN-5CNI) and demonstrated the existence of Fermi resonance in 5CNI. By constructing the Hamiltonian and simulating 2D-IR spectra, we show that the distinct Fermi resonance 2D-IR patterns in various isotope substituents are determined by the quantum mixing consequences at the = 1 state, as well as the = 2 state, where the Fermi coupling and anharmonicity play a crucial role.

Strong, ductile, and hierarchical hetero-lamellar-structured alloys through microstructural inheritance and refinement.

The strength-ductility trade-off exists ubiquitously, especially in brittle intermetallic-containing multiple principal element alloys (MPEAs), where the intermetallic phases often induce premature failure leading to severe ductility reduction. Hierarchical heterogeneities represent a promising microstructural solution to achieve simultaneous strength-ductility enhancement. However, it remains fundamentally challenging to tailor hierarchical heterostructures using conventional methods, which often rely on costly and time-consuming processing.

A DNA origami-based enzymatic cascade nanoreactor for chemodynamic cancer therapy and activation of antitumor immunity.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is a promising and potent therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. We developed a DNA origami-based enzymatic cascade nanoreactor (DOECN) containing spatially well-organized Au nanoparticles and ferric oxide (FeO) nanoclusters for targeted delivery and inhibition of tumor cell growth. The DOECN can synergistically promote the generation of hydrogen peroxide (HO), consumption of glutathione, and creation of an acidic environment, thereby amplifying the Fenton-type reaction and producing abundant reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), for augmenting the CDT outcome.