Deciphering the effects of STN DBS on neuropsychiatric fluctuations in Parkinson's disease.

The impact of subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) on neuropsychiatric fluctuations in Parkinson´s disease (PD) remains unclear. The Neuropsychiatric Fluctuations Scale (NFS) can help to fill this gap, directly measuring fluctuations between the OFF- and ON-medication conditions. The NFS provides NFS-plus (hyperdopaminergic) and NFS-minus (hypodopaminergic) sub-scores.

Spatiotemporal Gait Differences before and after Botulinum Toxin in People with Focal Dystonia: A Pilot Study.

Background: The impact of focal dystonia on gait has attracted little attention and remains elusive. Considering the importance of both visual and head control in gait, blepharospasm and cervical dystonia should affect gait. Improvement of cervical/eyelid control following botulinum toxin (BTX) injections would translate into gait changes.

Fluctuations in Parkinson's disease and personalized medicine: bridging the gap with the neuropsychiatric fluctuation scale.

Background: Neuropsychiatric fluctuations (NpsyF) are frequent and disabling in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). In OFF-medication, NpsyF entail neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) like anxiety, apathy, sadness, and fatigue. In ON-medication, NpsyF consist in NPS, such as high mood, hypomania, and hyperactivity.

Long-term independence and quality of life after subthalamic stimulation in Parkinson disease.

Background And Purpose: Studies on long-term nonmotor outcomes of subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson disease (PD) are scarce. This study reports on very long-term non-motor and motor outcomes in one of the largest cohorts of people with advanced PD, treated for >10 years with subthalamic nucleus stimulation. The main outcome was to document the evolution of independence in activities of daily living.

Contribution of Basal Ganglia to the Sense of Upright: A Double-Blind Within-Person Randomized Trial of Subthalamic Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease with Pisa Syndrome.

Background: Verticality perception is frequently altered in Parkinson's disease (PD) with Pisa syndrome (PS). Is it the cause or the consequence of the PS?

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that both scenarios coexist.

Methods: We performed a double-blind within-person randomized trial (NCT02704910) in 18 individuals (median age 63.