Lipid trajectories improve risk models for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.

In this retrospective, case-control study, we tested the hypothesis that blood-lipid concentrations during the decade prior to cognitive symptom onset can inform risk prediction for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and stable mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Clinically well-characterized cases were diagnosed using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria; MCI cases had been stable for ≥5 years; and controls were propensity matched to cases at symptom onset (MCI: 116 cases, 435 controls; AD: 215 cases, 483 controls). Participants were grouped based on (i) longitudinal trajectories and (ii) quintile of variability independent of the mean (VIM) for total cholesterol, HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-HDL-C, and ln(triglycerides).

An Integrative Migraine Polygenic Risk Score Is Associated with Age at Onset But Not Chronification.

: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) demonstrate a complex genetic landscape for migraine risk. Migraine polygenic risk scores (PRSs) developed from GWAS data may have utility for predicting disease course. We analyzed the strength of association between an integrative migraine PRS and age at onset and chronification.

High concordance between urine toxicology results and self-reported fentanyl use in Nevada and New Mexico.

Background: Co-use of stimulants and opioids is often deliberate. However, the possibility remains that some people are unintentionally consuming fentanyl. To advance understanding of overdose risk, we examined the rate of concordance between self-reported fentanyl use and corresponding urine toxicology screen results.

Clathrate Hydrate-Solid Surface Adhesive Shear Strength Measurements on Carbon Steel Surfaces.

Oil and gas flowlines operating in subsea or cold terrestrial environments face the risk of forming hydrate deposits and plugs. The pressure differential across a hydrate plug can cause the plug to detach from the pipe wall and travel through the pipeline, potentially impacting a bend or inline equipment, causing damage or injury to personnel. Therefore, the hydrate-solid adhesive shear strength is of interest in estimating the maximum allowable differential pressure across a plug during depressurization procedures before the plug is likely to detach from the pipe wall.