Study of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess and compare the changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in nondiabetics and diabetics with various stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: The study subjects were divided into four groups based on their diabetic status and findings, namely, controls (normal subjects without diabetes [NDM]), diabetics without retinopathy (NDR), nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR). Peripapillary RNFL thickness was assessed using optical coherence tomography.

Comparison of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with or without anti-epileptic drugs in bipolar disorder.

Background: Guidelines regarding the combination of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) and ECT have been contradictory. Evidence based knowledge about the advantages and disadvantages of this combination is sparse.

Method: We studied the records of consecutive non-epileptic bipolar disorder patients referred for ECT between the months of January 2006 and January 2008 in an academic psychiatric hospital.