West African Genetic Ancestry and Breast Cancer Outcomes Among Black Women.

Importance: Young Black women bear a disproportionate burden of breast cancer deaths compared with White women, yet they remain underrepresented in genomic studies.

Objective: To evaluate the association of biological factors, including West African genetic ancestry, and nonbiological factors with disease-free survival (DFS) among young Black women with breast cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This observational cohort study included Black women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2016.

COVID-19 testing and reporting behaviours in England across different sociodemographic groups: a population-based study using testing data and data from community prevalence surveillance surveys.

Background: Understanding underlying mechanisms of heterogeneity in test-seeking and reporting behaviour during an infectious disease outbreak can help to protect vulnerable populations and guide equity-driven interventions. The COVID-19 pandemic probably exerted different stresses on individuals in different sociodemographic groups and ensuring fair access to and usage of COVID-19 tests was a crucial element of England's testing programme. We aimed to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic factors and COVID-19 testing behaviours in England during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The potential to prevent unnecessary emergency department visits by timely diagnosis of migraine-A prospective observational study.

Aim: Successful acute migraine treatment potentially prevents emergency room (ER) consultations but requires that the diagnosis of migraine was given earlier. The aim of this study is to quantify the problem of missed migraine diagnosis prior to ER visits.

Methods: Inclusion criterion for this single-center prospective study was the presentation at the ER for acute headache.

Trem2 deficiency attenuates breast cancer tumor growth in lean, but not obese or weight loss, mice and is associated with alterations of clonal T cell populations.

Obesity is an established risk factor for breast cancer development and worsened prognosis; however, the mechanisms for this association - and the potential benefits of weight loss - have not been fully explored. The adipose environment surrounding breast tumors, which is inflamed in obesity, has been implicated in tumor progression. An emerging therapeutic target for cancer is TREM2, a transmembrane receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is expressed on macrophages in adipose tissue and tumors.