Long-term compliance and results of intravesical botulinum toxin A injections in male patients.

Introduction: Intravesical injections with botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is an established treatment for patients with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. However, most studies have evaluated the efficacy of this treatment in women and report short-term results. In this study, we evaluated the long-term compliance of BoNT-A in a heterogeneous group of male patients.

Priority water research questions as determined by UK practitioners and policy makers.

Several recent studies have emphasised the need for a more integrated process in which researchers, policy makers and practitioners interact to identify research priorities. This paper discusses such a process with respect to the UK water sector, detailing how questions were developed through inter-disciplinary collaboration using online questionnaires and a stakeholder workshop. The paper details the 94 key questions arising, and provides commentary on their scale and scope.

Relationship between post-operative depression/anxiety and hippocampal/amygdala volumes in temporal lobectomy for epilepsy.

Purpose: Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) often present mood disturbances, which may either exacerbate or remit following surgery. The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between post-operative depressive/anxiety symptoms and hippocampal/amygdala volumes following anterior temporal lobectomy.

Methods: Thirty-five patients operated for TLE were assessed for mood disturbances by the Beck depression inventory (BDI) and Beck anxiety inventory (BAI).

A prospective study of the effects of anterior temporal lobectomy on emotion recognition and theory of mind.

Nineteen patients evaluated facial emotional expressions and performed 'theory of mind' reasoning tasks before and after a temporal lobectomy for medically intractable epilepsy, and results were compared with the performance of 19 healthy controls. Following operation, which in all cases resulted in excision of the entire amygdala, there was no change in the ability to reason about the mental states of others, in line with the suggestion that the anterior temporal lobe is not necessary for theory of mind reasoning. However, following a left anterior temporal lobectomy, patients evaluated fearful facial expressions in a more normative manner.