The Impact of Microelectrode Recording on Lead Location in Deep Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Movement Disorders.

Objective: During deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery, microelectrode recording (MER) leads to target refinement from the initial plan in 30% to 47% of hemispheres; however, it is unclear whether the DBS lead ultimately resides within the MER-optimized target in relation to initial radiographic target coordinates in these hemispheres. This study aimed to determine the frequency of discordance between radiographic and neurophysiologic nucleus and whether target optimization with MER leads to a significant change in DBS lead location away from initial target.

Methods: Consecutive cases of DBS surgery with MER using intraoperative computed tomography were included.

Prevalence and Impact of Left-Handedness in Neurosurgery.

Background: Approximately 10%-13% of the population is left-handed (LH), and certain professions have varied representation of LH individuals. LH surgeons must overcome unique difficulties owing to the right-handed (RH) operative environment. This study assesses prevalence and impact of left-handedness on training and operative experience of neurosurgeons.

Taxonomic status of Kleinschmidt, 1897 based on analysis of external appearance, voice and behavior (Aves: Paradisaeidae).

Described from trade-skins of unknown origins, Parotia berlepschi Kleinschmidt, 1897 was the subject of a longstanding ornithological mystery that remained unresolved for well over a century. With few specimens and no known wild population, most taxonomic assessments over the last century have treated P. berlepschi as a subspecies of Parotia carolae Meyer, 1894.

Optimal climate for large trees at high elevations drives patterns of biomass in remote forests of Papua New Guinea.

Our ability to model global carbon fluxes depends on understanding how terrestrial carbon stocks respond to varying environmental conditions. Tropical forests contain the bulk of the biosphere's carbon. However, there is a lack of consensus as to how gradients in environmental conditions affect tropical forest carbon.