Bat genomes illuminate adaptations to viral tolerance and disease resistance.

Zoonoses are infectious diseases transmitted from animals to humans. Bats have been suggested to harbour more zoonotic viruses than any other mammalian order. Infections in bats are largely asymptomatic, indicating limited tissue-damaging inflammation and immunopathology.

Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage during PRRSV infection with different virulence.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses in the global swine industry due to its high genetic diversity and different virulence levels, which complicate disease management and vaccine development. This study evaluated longitudinal changes in the immune cell composition of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the clinical outcomes across PRRSV strains with varying virulence, using techniques including single-cell transcriptomics. In highly virulent infection, faster viral replication results in an earlier peak lung-damage time point, marked by significant interstitial pneumonia, a significant decrease in macrophages, and an influx of lymphocytes.

Multiomics characterization of breast angiosarcoma from an Asian cohort reveals enrichment for angiogenesis signaling pathway and tumor-infiltrating macrophages.

Introduction: Recent epidemiological data suggests a rising incidence of breast angiosarcoma (AS-B) in the Western population, with over two-thirds related to irradiation or chronic lymphedema. However, unlike head and neck angiosarcoma (AS-HN), AS-B disease characteristics in Asia remain unclear.

Methods: We examined clinical patterns of angiosarcoma patients (n = 176) seen in an Asiantertiary cancer center from 1999 to 2021, and specifically investigated the molecular and immune features of AS-B in comparison to AS-HN.

Tunable Gas Permeation Behavior through Robust, Freestanding Self-Assembled Metal Nanoparticle Membranes.

Membrane-based gas separation offers a promising alternative route to energy-intensive industrial gas separation processes. Conventional microporous membranes often exhibit low gas selectivities for gases with similar kinetic diameters, primarily due to large pore sizes and reliance on Knudsen selectivity. In this study, we present self-assembled gold nanoparticle (Au NP) membranes that enable molecular gas separation within the kinetic diameter range of small gases such as H, CO, and O.

Crossed Screws Versus Plating Supplemented with an Interfragmentary Screw in First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

First metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) fusion an effective surgical intervention for conditions such as hallux valgus and hallux rigidus. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare safety and efficacy of crossed screws versus plating supplemented with an interfragmentary screw. A literature search of the Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases was performed to identify all studies directly comparing the two techniques.