Screening system for the detection of unknown or poorly controlled diabetes mellitus in a tertiary hospital: A retrospective study.

Rationale: Hospitalization may be a valuable chance for the detection of unknown and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM). There is a screening tool at our hospital: in case of high inpatient plasma glucose level, an A1c value is added if no available from the last 3 months.

Aims And Objectives: Our objective was to analyse the population with A1c ≥ 9% detected through this system from 2021 to 2023.

Definition of the Mandibular Angle Using Botulinum Toxin Type A: A New Technique for the Improvement of Mandibular Contour and Definition.

While the injection of botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) in the neck area, for face contouring through the blockade of the platysmal bundles, and in the mandibular body line has previously been explored, reports of its application for the demarcation of the mandibular angle are more limited. This article described a new technique of BoNTA injection in the mandibular angle for the improvement of contour and definition. At roughly 15 days after application in 30 patients, better visualization of the mandibular angle and its contours was evident and, consequently, smoothing of the appearance of sagging around the mandible with no adverse effects was noted.

Novel Classifications for Muscular Contraction of the Lower Face and Neck.

Background: Currently, there are no scales that address lower-face muscular contraction patterns, and there is only one that addresses platysmal bands.

Objective: The goal of this article is to create scales to classify the strength and contraction patterns of the lower face and neck based on (1) the muscular anatomy and contraction patterns of the platysma and (2) the strength of the depressor anguli oris (DAO).

Methods: Three hundred sixty patients participated in the study.

Multi-Indication Pricing: Nice in Theory but Can it Work in Practice?

For medicines with different valued indications (uses), multi-indication pricing implies charging different prices for different uses. In this article, we assess how multi-indication pricing could help achieve overall strategic objectives of pricing controls, summarise its advantages and disadvantages (vs. uniform pricing) and estimate the hypothetical impact on prices of moving towards multi-indication pricing for specific oncologic medicines in Spain.