Adverse event following vaccine surveillance in Kaduna State, Northwestern Nigeria (January 2018 -June 2019): analysis of health facility´s records.

Introduction: Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) are one of the main reasons for inadequate immunization coverage in Kaduna State, and AEFI underreporting serves as a barrier to achieving goals of global pharmaco-vigilance for vaccine. The purpose of this study is to estimate the completeness of variables in the AEFI line-listing forms, calculate AEFI reporting rates by Local Government Areas & vaccine type and profile the reported cases according to their reactions.

Methods: we conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study of primary surveillance records.

Antiplasmodial, antinociceptive and antipyretic potential of the stem bark extract of and identification of its antiplasmodial-active fraction.

Background And Aim: stem bark is used as a remedy for malaria in north-central and southern Nigeria. Based on its traditional use, this study was conducted to investigate the antiplasmodial, antinociceptive and antipyretic potential of an extract of stem bark.

Experimental Procedure: A 70% v/v ethanol extract of stem bark of was prepared by cold maceration.

Sphaeranthus senegalensis DC: Evaluation of chemical constituents, oral safety, gastroprotective activity, and mechanism of action of its hydroethanolic extract.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sphaeranthus senegalensis DC is a seasonal herb with a spicy smell that grows wild in wet grounds of tropical Africa and Asia. The plant is used in folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases; that includes its use to treat gastric ulcers.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to investigate the chemical constituents of the hydroethanolic extract of Sphaeranthus senegalensis DC and evaluate its oral safety, gastroprotective activity, and mechanisms of action using laboratory models in rats and mice.

Ethnopharmacology-aided antiplasmodial evaluation of six selected plants used for malaria treatment in Nigeria.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sub - Saharan Africa has a high malaria burden and Nigeria accounts for majority of malaria cases worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate selected plants extracts used against malaria in Nigeria for antiplasmodial activity.

Materials And Methods: An ethnomedicinal based - approach by literature survey was used to identify plants used in the study.

Evaluation of genotoxicity and subchronic toxicity of the standardized leaves infusion extract of Copaifera malmei Harms in experimental models.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Copaifera malmei Harms (Fabaceae), known mainly as óleo-mirim, is a native and endemic plant found in the states of Mato Grosso and Goiás of Brazil. The plant's leaves infusion is popularly used by riverine communities of the northern Araguaia microregion, Mato Grosso, Brazil, for the treatment of gastric ulcers and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. The gastric antiulcer activity of the standardized leaves infusion extract of Copaifera malmei (SIECm) in rodents has been reported.