The rise and transformation of Bronze Age pastoralists in the Caucasus.

The Caucasus and surrounding areas, with their rich metal resources, became a crucible of the Bronze Age and the birthplace of the earliest steppe pastoralist societies. Yet, despite this region having a large influence on the subsequent development of Europe and Asia, questions remain regarding its hunter-gatherer past and its formation of expansionist mobile steppe societies. Here we present new genome-wide data for 131 individuals from 38 archaeological sites spanning 6,000 years.

[Manufacture of facial prosthesis by three-dimensional printing].

Unlabelled: The of the literature review was to study and analyze literature sources on the methods and means of facial prosthesis manufacture by three-dimensional printing.

Materials And Methods: An analysis of information sources covering the last 15 years was carried out, in search sources as PubMed, Elsiver and eLIBRARY and on the website of the Federal Institute of Industrial Property.

Results: The technology of direct production of prostheses by volumetric printing from silicone materials is the object of research for its development.

[Digital protocol for comprehensive planning of dental treatment. Clinical case analysis].

The main goal of the research presented in the article was to increase the effectiveness of dental orthopedic rehabilitation of patients by developing and implementing a complex of digital planning of the initial stages of treatment, including diagnostic methods, modeling, and manufacturing of prototypes of dentures using modern computer technologies. Planning of diagnostics and treatment of a dental patient with the use of modern digital technologies was proposed to be divided into stages. A complex of digital planning of dental orthopedic treatment was formed, which is illustrated by clinical case analysis.

Ancient human genome-wide data from a 3000-year interval in the Caucasus corresponds with eco-geographic regions.

Archaeogenetic studies have described the formation of Eurasian 'steppe ancestry' as a mixture of Eastern and Caucasus hunter-gatherers. However, it remains unclear when and where this ancestry arose and whether it was related to a horizon of cultural innovations in the 4 millennium BCE that subsequently facilitated the advance of pastoral societies in Eurasia. Here we generated genome-wide SNP data from 45 prehistoric individuals along a 3000-year temporal transect in the North Caucasus.