Publications by authors named "B A Vachha"
Article Synopsis
- Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) is gaining traction in clinical settings for brain mapping, but faces challenges with standardization, reliability, and interpretation of results across different medical centers.
- Key issues include variability in cognitive network representation and the effects of neurovascular uncoupling, which affect the accuracy of language lateralization and overall connectivity detection.
- Despite these challenges, rs-fMRI is viewed as a valuable complement to task-based fMRI (tb-fMRI) in clinical presurgical contexts and is expected to grow in use as solutions to its limitations are developed.
Article Synopsis
- GM1-gangliosidosis (GM1) causes significant brain degeneration, making it difficult to use automated MRI techniques for brain volume analysis. An effective standardized segmentation protocol was created to analyze MRIs from patients with type II GM1.
- A study involving 25 MRIs from 22 patients assessed the reliability of this segmentation method, focusing on various brain structures and evaluating the consistency between different raters.
- Results showed that the technique had good inter- and intra-rater reliability, especially for juvenile patients, which can enhance future research and understanding of the disease's progression over time.
Article Synopsis
- - Neurological diseases caused by single gene defects can be treated through AAV-mediated gene therapy, but delivering this therapy to the brain is difficult because of the blood-brain barrier.
- - Advanced techniques, like convection-enhanced delivery and image-guided methods to cerebrospinal fluid spaces, allow for precise gene therapy delivery to target specific brain areas.
- - Neuroimaging methods, including MRI and fMRI, are crucial for both delivering AAV vectors and monitoring the effectiveness of the gene therapy over time.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines relapse patterns and outcomes in primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) over several decades, focusing on factors affecting relapse in a large group of patients.
- It analyzed patient responses to treatment from 1983 to 2020, categorizing relapses based on initial responses and the location of the relapse.
- Findings show that deep structure involvement is linked to higher risk of local relapse, with a significant difference in relapse patterns between refractory patients and those who initially responded well to treatment.
Resting-state (rs) fMRI has been shown to be useful for preoperative mapping of functional areas in patients with brain tumors and epilepsy. However, its lack of standardization limits its widespread use and hinders multicenter collaboration. The American Society of Functional Neuroradiology, American Society of Pediatric Neuroradiology, and the American Society of Neuroradiology Functional and Diffusion MR Imaging Study Group recommend specific rs-fMRI acquisition approaches and preprocessing steps that will further support rs-fMRI for future clinical use.
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