Publications by authors named "B A Gutman"
Alterations in subcortical brain regions are linked to motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, associations between clinical expression and regional morphological abnormalities of the basal ganglia, thalamus, amygdala and hippocampus are not well established. We analyzed 3D T1-weighted brain MRI and clinical data from 2525 individuals with PD and 1326 controls from 22 global sources in the ENIGMA-PD consortium.
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- Advances in deep learning, specifically using a technique called SPHARM-Net, show potential in predicting clinical factors from brain MRI images.
- The study utilized MRI-derived metrics like cortical curvature and thickness to predict age, sex, and Alzheimer's disease.
- SPHARM-Net achieved strong classification accuracy for sex (91%) and age (average error of 2.97 years) while also performing well for Alzheimer's classification (86%), suggesting it could be useful for future clinical applications.
Article Synopsis
- Schizophrenia (SCZ) shows differences in brain structure and symptoms between men and women, suggesting distinct neurobiological factors linked to sex.
- The study analyzed MRI data from nearly 6,000 participants to explore the effects of sex and diagnosis on the shape of deep brain regions in individuals with SCZ compared to healthy controls.
- Results indicated that women with SCZ had more pronounced shape abnormalities than men, but there were no significant interactions between diagnosis and sex, highlighting the need for further exploration of sex-related differences in schizophrenia's neurobiology.
Article Synopsis
- CNVs are genetic variations that increase the risk of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, including autism and schizophrenia, impacting brain structures differently based on the specific CNV type.
- A study was conducted using harmonized protocols on 675 CNV carriers and 782 controls, revealing that all CNVs affected subcortical brain structures like the hippocampus and amygdala, with unique subregional changes identifiable through shape analyses.
- The results indicate that CNVs have varied effects on brain volume and cognition, with some clustering around adult-onset disorders while others align with autism, enhancing our understanding of the relationship between genetics and neuropsychiatric conditions.
Article Synopsis
- CNVs (Copy number variants) are linked to multiple neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, with this study investigating how different CNVs impact subcortical brain structures across various conditions like autism and schizophrenia.
- Nine out of eleven studied CNVs showed effects on subcortical structure volumes, particularly in the hippocampus and amygdala, with certain CNVs correlated to cognitive effects and disease risks.
- The research revealed distinct patterns in the impact of CNVs, suggesting that some are more associated with adult disorders and others with conditions like autism, offering new insights into the variability in neuropsychiatric disorders linked to genetic factors.