Multiple Sclerosis Multidisciplinary Care: A National Survey and Lessons for the Global Community.

Access to, standardization and reimbursement of multidisciplinary care for people with MS (PwMS) is lacking in many countries. Therefore, this study aims to describe the current multidisciplinary care for people with MS (PwMS) in Belgium and identify benefits, needs and future perspectives METHODS: A survey for PwMS questioned various aspects of MS and viewpoints on care. For MS nurses (MSN) and neurologists, employment, education, job-content, care organization and perspectives were inquired.

Outpatient Management of Gastroduodenal Artery Aneurysm.

Gastroduodenal artery (GDA) aneurysms are exceptionally rare. Although rare, providers should have a sufficient understanding of the causes, symptoms, and treatment options due to there being a high risk of mortality if these aneurysms rupture. It is important to understand the need for close management and follow-up in patients with this diagnosis, especially in the outpatient setting.

Survival in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury treated with early hemodiafiltration.

Purpose: Early renal replacement therapy (RRT) initiation should theoretically influence many physiological disorders related to acute kidney injury (AKI). Currently, there is no consensus about RRT timing in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all critically ill patients who received RRT in our ICU during a 3 year-period.

Optical path clearing and enhanced transmission through colloidal suspensions.

We utilize advanced laser fields to clear a path through a dynamic turbid medium, a concept termed "Optical path clearing (OPC)." Particles are evacuated from a volume of the medium using the gradient and/or scattering forces due to an applied laser field with a suitably tailored spatial profile. Our studies encompass both an analytical model and proof-of-principle experiments where paths are cleared in dense bulk colloidal suspensions.

Toluene-impaired drivers: behavioral observations, impairment assessment, and toxicological findings.

Toluene is an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent frequently abused for its euphoric and intoxicating properties. This report describes a series of six cases involving drivers arrested for driving under the influence who subsequently tested positive for toluene. Case data including driving behavior, physiological signs and symptoms, evidence of impairment, and toxicology findings were reviewed.