Caries prevalence measured with QLF after treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances: influencing factors.

Caries prevalence on the buccal surfaces of teeth in orthodontic patients was determined with QLF and visual examination immediately after removal of fixed appliances. The number of lesions found by QLF far outnumbered that found by visual examination, but the distribution pattern was similar. 97% of all subjects and on average 30% of the buccal surfaces in a person were affected.

A 'sufficient cause' model for dental caries.

Background: It is generally believed that dental caries is an infectious disease. The occurrence of dental caries is affected by a variety of determinants. In order to estimate the precise extent of the relation between specific determinants and the outcome phenomenon (i.

Fasciola hepatica: an antigen fraction derived from newly excysted juveniles, containing an immunoreactive 32-kDa protein, induces strong protective immunity in rats.

Crude antigens of adult Fasciola hepatica and of newly excysted juveniles (NEJ) and a low-molecular-weight fraction of antigen from NEJs were tested for inducing protective immunity in rats. Two routes of vaccination were applied. The results showed that intraperitoneal vaccination induced significantly better protection (P <0.

Protection against Fasciola hepatica in the intestine is highly correlated with eosinophil and immunoglobulin G1 responses against newly excysted juveniles.

Rats were infected with Fasciola hepatica and challenged at regular intervals up to 38 weeks using an ex vivo gut loop, a technique developed in our laboratory. The kinetics of the observed immune responses against F. hepatica in gut tissue and serum were investigated and correlated to protection.

Incidence of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in oral cleft children wearing acrylic plates from shortly after birth.

Children with a palatal cleft can be treated with preoperative infant orthopedics including an acrylic plate that is applied shortly after birth to obturate the cleft. It is advised to wear these plates until the 18th month of age. Such a plate, being a hard non-shedding surface, may be expected to facilitate early colonization of mutans streptococci.