Does fragmented sleep mediate the relationship between deficits in sleep spindles and memory consolidation in schizophrenia?

Study Objectives: Sleep spindles, defining electroencephalographic oscillations of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) stage 2 sleep (N2), mediate sleep-dependent memory consolidation (SDMC). Spindles are also thought to protect sleep continuity by suppressing thalamocortical sensory relay. Schizophrenia is characterized by spindle deficits and a correlated reduction of SDMC.

Hyperglycemia inhibits AAA expansion: examining the role of lysyl oxidase.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common, progressive, and potentially fatal dilation of the most distal aortic segment. Multiple studies with longitudinal follow-up of AAA have identified markedly slower progression among patients affected with diabetes. Understanding the molecular pathway responsible for the growth inhibition could have implications for therapy in nondiabetic patients with AAA.

,'-Di-benzyl-ethyl-enedi-ammonium dichloride.

The isolation and crystalline structure of ,'-di-benzyl-ethyl-enedi-ammonium dichloride, CHN ·2Cl, is reported. This was obtained as an unintended product of an attempted Curtius rearrangement that involved benzyl-amine as one of the reagents and 1,2-di-chloro-ethane as the solvent. Part of a series of reactions of a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE), this was not the intended reaction outcome.

Fungi of Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA: a spatial survey.

The natural system at Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA was augmented by the construction of a rock-filled railroad causeway in 1960, creating two lakes at one site. The north arm is sequestered from the mountain snowmelt inputs and thus became saturated with salts (250-340 g/L). The south arm is a flourishing ecosystem with moderate salinity (90-190 g/L) and a significant body of water for ten million birds on the avian flyways of the western US who engorge themselves on the large biomass of brine flies and shrimp.