Domestic Use of E-Cargo Bikes and Other E-Micromobility: Protocol for a Multi-Centre, Mixed Methods Study.

Physical inactivity is a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Climate change is now regarded as the biggest threat to global public health. Electric micromobility (e-micromobility, including e-bikes, e-cargo bikes, and e-scooters) has the potential to simultaneously increase people's overall physical activity while decreasing greenhouse gas emissions where it substitutes for motorised transport.

Tissue-based Gene Expression Diagnosis of Mild and Moderate T-cell-mediated Rejection to Guide Therapy in Kidney Transplants.

Background: Mild histologic lesions of tubulo-interstitial inflammation could represent a "response-to-wounding" rather than allorecognition. Tissue gene expression may complement histopathology for T-cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) diagnostics.

Methods: We report on the incorporation of tissue gene expression testing using a Molecular Microscope Diagnostic System into the management of kidney transplant biopsies with suspected TCMR.

Adjunct Nondamaging Focal Laser Reduces Intravitreal Injection Burden in Diabetic Macular Edema.

This study aims to determine the impact of adjunct nondamaging focal laser therapy on the number of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections and visual acuity (VA) and imaging in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). A retrospective analysis of 18 eyes of 14 patients with DME treated with a single session of the PASCAL 532 nm Synthesis Photocoagulator with Endpoint Management was conducted. Demographic data, VA, imaging, laser parameters, and anti-VEGF injection burden six months before and after treatment were collected.

Quantitative Biomarkers of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Ultra-Widefield Fluorescein Angiography.

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness. Retinal imaging is an important tool to monitor the progression of DR. While seven-standard retinal fields are the traditional method for evaluating DR, ultra-widefield (UWF) imaging allows for improved visualization of peripheral areas of nonperfusion (NP) and neovascularization (NV), which could be used as biomarkers to monitor and predict progression of DR.

Effectiveness of MI Varnish™ and PreviDent Varnish in Noncavitated Interproximal Lesions: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Aim: Evaluating the remineralization efficacy of noncavitated proximal incipient lesions with Colgate® PreviDent® and MI™ varnishes in comparison to the industry standard (1.23%) acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel.

Study Design: Parallel randomized controlled, multicenter, single-blinded trial.

Retinal neovascularization as self-organized criticality on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography imaging of diabetic retinopathy.

Background/objectives: Do the distributions of surface area of non-perfusion (NP) and neovascularization (NV) on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWF FA) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) differ significantly?

Subjects/methods: Inclusion criteria were patients who had a UWF FA taken for DR at the Kellogg Eye Center from January 2009 to May 2018. Exclusion criteria included previous panretinal photocoagulation and significant media opacity (e.g.

Understanding motivations behind medical student involvement in COVID-19 pandemic relief efforts.

Background: Although students were removed from patient-facing settings at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic due to concerns of burdening teaching physicians and depleting personal protective equipment, some leaders suggest students can be effectively utilized when personnel resources may be scarce. There have been narrative discussions surrounding medical student involvement, but no studies exploring the attitudes of these students. The authors aim to quantify the degree to which factors influenced a medical student's decision to or to not volunteer during the pandemic and to characterize medical students' attitudes towards medical professionals' duty to serve in a pandemic.

Assessment of Keratitis Severity Using Quantitative Image Analysis in an In Vivo Murine Model of Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Keratitis.

Purpose: Bacterial keratitis (BK) severity in murine models has traditionally been measured by subjective clinical grading or quantification of ocular bacterial burden. This investigation explores an objective and repeatable quantification of slit lamp photography (SLP) images to measure BK severity.

Methods: BALB/c strain mice underwent three parallel scratches of the right cornea with subsequent inoculation of 107Staphylococcus aureus cells.

Endophthalmitis, Visual Outcomes, and Management Strategies in Eyes with Intraocular Foreign Bodies.

Purpose: Ocular trauma with intraocular foreign body (IOFB) can have devastating visual consequences. Management and antimicrobial strategies remain variable due to the infrequency and heterogeneity of presentation. Our goal was to identify risk factors for endophthalmitis and poor visual outcomes in cases of IOFB and investigate management strategies.

Risk Factors for Endophthalmitis Following Open Globe Injuries: A 17-Year Analysis.

Background/aims: To determine the rate of endophthalmitis and assess risk factors for development of endophthalmitis following open globe injury (OGI).

Methods: A retrospective chart review of all patients treated for OGI at the University of Michigan from January 2000 to July 2017 was conducted. Exclusion criteria included intravitreal injection or intraocular surgery in the 30 days prior to injury or less than 30 days of follow-up.

[Psychological impact of lockdown and the COVID-19 epidemic on haemodialysis patients and carers in France].

Introduction: The health crisis linked to the COVID-19 epidemic has required lockdown measures in France and changes in practices in dialysis centers. The objective was to assess the depressive and anxiety symptoms during lockdown in hemodialysis patients and their caregivers.

Methods: We sent, during lockdown period, between April and May 2020, self-questionnaires to voluntary subjects (patients and caregivers), treated by hemodialysis or who worked in hemodialysis in one of the 14 participating centers in France.

Telehealth-based Eye Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Utilization, Safety, and the Patient Experience.

Purpose: To assess the initial utilization, safety, and patient experience with tele-ophthalmology during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: We conducted a telephone survey and interview of a random sample of patients who received different modalities of care (in-person, telephone, videocall, or visits deferred) during Michigan's shelter-in-place order beginning March 23, 2020.

Change in Ophthalmic Clinicians' Attitudes Toward Telemedicine During the Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic.

Ophthalmic clinicians report low confidence in telemedicine-based eye care delivery, but it may have changed given its rapid expansion during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this study was to determine clinician confidence in telemedicine-based eye care services during COVID-19. An electronic survey was sent to clinicians at University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center (April 17, 2020-May 6, 2020) when nonemergent in-person visits and procedures were restricted.

Primary cutaneous Ewing sarcoma with diffuse S100/SOX10 positivity and pseudoalveolar pattern: An extraordinarily rare case highlighting a potential pitfall with significant repercussions.

Primary cutaneous Ewing sarcoma is a very rare entity with less than 100 cases reported in the literature, sharing the same morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics as their osseous counterparts. Herein, to the best of our knowledge, we report the first case in English literature of a molecularly confirmed Ewing sarcoma with diffuse and strong SOX10 immunoreactivity. This exceedingly rare immunohistochemical finding along with the rarity of this tumor could easily lead to a misdiagnosis with significant repercussions.

Tellurium Doping and the Structural, Electronic, and Optical Properties of NaYSTe Alloys.

New ternary and quaternary NaYSTe alloys (with = 0, 0.33, 0.67, and 1) are proposed as promising candidates for photon energy conversion in photovoltaic applications.

Describing the sternalis muscle: a new variant and an amended classification.

Purpose: With emphasis on the clinical setting, knowledge of anatomical variation decreases misdiagnoses and surgical complications. We report a previously undocumented variant of sternalis muscle and recommend an augmented classification scheme.

Methods: Dissection of the anterior thoracic wall on an 83-year-old female cadaver revealed bilateral sternalis muscles.

Relative antibacterial functions of complement and NETs: NETs trap and complement effectively kills bacteria.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like DNA structures released by activated neutrophils. These structures are decorated with antimicrobial proteins, and considered to trap and kill bacteria extracellularly. However, the exact functions of NETs remain elusive, and contradictory observations have been made with NETs functioning as an antimicrobial or a pathogentrapping mechanism.

Membrane bioreactor performance in treating Algiers' landfill leachate from using indigenous bacteria and inoculating with activated sludge.

This study focuses on the treatment of both organic and metallic pollution in the Staoueli landfill leachate. This leachate contains a large amount of organic and inorganic matter and it must imperatively be treated before being released into the environment. Our work presents a comparative study between two membrane sequenced batch bioreactors (B2 contains indigenous leachate bacteria and B1 contains activated sludge).

Treatment tolerance and patient-reported outcomes favor online hemodiafiltration compared to high-flux hemodialysis in the elderly.

Large cohort studies suggest that high convective volumes associated with online hemodiafiltration may reduce the risk of mortality/morbidity compared to optimal high-flux hemodialysis. By contrast, intradialytic tolerance is not well studied. The aim of the FRENCHIE (French Convective versus Hemodialysis in Elderly) study was to compare high-flux hemodialysis and online hemodiafiltration in terms of intradialytic tolerance.

Osteomalacia induced by vitamin D deficiency in hemodialysis patients: the crucial role of vitamin D correction.

Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is significantly prevalent in chronic kidney disease. Data in the literature are however scarce about the effects of this deficiency on bone metabolism in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Moreover, it is still debated whether low vitamin D levels should be normalized in HD patients.

Inactivation of AR and Notch-1 signaling by miR-34a attenuates prostate cancer aggressiveness.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer related death in men in the United States, suggesting that novel molecular targets as well as the development of agents that could deregulate such targets would become newer therapeutic approach for the treatment of castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) especially the metastatic CRPC (mCRPC). In search for novel targets, microRNAs (miRNAs) are becoming an emerging area because miRNAs function as regulators of gene expression in human cancers including PCa. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that the expression of miR-34a is significantly down-regulated in human PCa specimens consistent with PCa cell lines with aggressive characteristics, and that the silencing of miR-34a expression was in part due to hypermethylation of its promoter.

A rare cause of renal mass; a case study.

A seventy five year old gentleman with the clinical diagnosis of renal tuberculosis was found to have renal squamous cell carcinoma. The clinical presentation and management are being discussed.