Repositioning Canagliflozin for Mitigation of Aluminium Chloride-Induced Alzheimer's Disease: Involvement of TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Axis, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and SIRT1/HMGB1 Signalling.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in the world. Due to failure of the traditional drugs to produce a complete cure for AD, the search for new safe and effective lines of therapy has attracted the attention of ongoing research. Canagliflozin is an anti-diabetic agent with proven efficacy in the treatment of neurological disorders in which mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy play a pathophysiological role.

Glycyrrhizin alleviated cisplatin-induced testicular injury by inhibiting the oxidative, apoptotic, hormonal, and histological alterations.

Objective: To evaluate the potential contribution of glycyrrhizin (GLZ) to mitigate the testicular toxicity linked to cisplatin (CIS) intoxication.

Methods: 40 mature male Wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) were randomly divided into 4 equal groups (n = 10) for 60 days: the control group, CIS-treated group (single dose of 7 mg/kg, IP), GLZ-treated group (25 mg/kg, PO), and GLZ plus CIS-treated group. Blood and testis samples were examined using biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical techniques.

Targeting the Sirtuin-1/PPAR-Gamma Axis, RAGE/HMGB1/NF-κB Signaling, and the Mitochondrial Functions by Canagliflozin Augments the Protective Effects of Levodopa/Carbidopa in Rotenone-Induced Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a pathological state characterized by a combined set of abnormal movements including slow motion, resting tremors, profound stiffness of skeletal muscles, or obvious abnormalities in posture and gait, together with significant behavioral changes. Until now, no single therapeutic modality was able to provide a complete cure for PD. This work was a trial to assess the immunomodulatory effects of canagliflozin with or without levodopa/carbidopa on rotenone-induced parkinsonism in Balb/c mice.

Melatonin Mitigates Cisplatin-Induced Submandibular Gland Damage by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Fibrosis.

Background: The study aims to examine the possible effect of melatonin against cisplatin-induced submandibular degeneration in experimental rats exploring its ameliorative mechanisms.

Methods: Rats were classified into four experimental groups; control group; melatonin group; cisplatin group; and cisplatin+melatonin group. Submandibular tissues were collected.

Coenzyme Q10 mitigates cadmium cardiotoxicity by downregulating NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome axis and attenuating oxidative stress in mice.

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) occurs naturally in the body and possesses antioxidant and cardioprotective effects. Cardiotoxicity has emerged as a serious effect of the exposure to cadmium (Cd). This study investigated the curative potential of CoQ10 on Cd cardiotoxicity in mice, emphasizing the involvement of oxidative stress (OS) and NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome axis.

Acceleration of Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats through a Novel 3D Organo-Hydrogel Nanocomposite of Polydopamine/TiO2 Nanoparticles and Cu (PDA-TiO2@Cu).

Background: Diabetic wound represents a serious issue with a substantial impact and an exceptionally complex pathology affecting patients' mental health and quality of life. So, we have developed a novel 3D organo-hydrogel nanocomposite of polydopamine/TiO2 nanoparticles and cu (PDA-TiO2@Cu) and examined its efficacy in diabetic wound healing.

Methods: Forty-five adult male albino rats were divided into normal control rats (non-diabetic rats with non-treated skin wounds), diabetic control rats (diabetic rats with non-treated skin wounds), and organo-hydrogel-treated rats (diabetic wounds treated with topically applied organo- hydrogel once daily).

Amentoflavone Mitigates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Pulmonary Toxicity: Involvement of -SIRT-1/Nrf2/Keap1 Axis, JAK-2/STAT-3 Signaling, and Apoptosis.

Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is an alkylating agent that is used for the management of various types of malignancies and as an immunosuppressive agent for the treatment of immunological disorders. However, its use is limited by its potential to cause a wide range of pulmonary toxicities. Amentoflavone (AMV) is a flavonoid that had proven efficacy in the treatment of disease states in which oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis may play a pathophysiologic role.

Liposome-Encapsulated Berberine Alleviates Liver Injury in Type 2 Diabetes via Promoting AMPK/mTOR-Mediated Autophagy and Reducing ER Stress: Morphometric and Immunohistochemical Scoring.

In the advanced stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diabetic liver damage is a common complication that can devastate a patient's quality of life. The present study investigated the ability of liposomal berberine (Lip-BBR) to aid in ameliorating hepatic damage and steatosis, insulin homeostasis, and regulating lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and the possible pathways by which it does so. Liver tissue microarchitectures and immunohistochemical staining were applied during the study.

Ginseng Alleviates Malathion-Induced Hepatorenal Injury through Modulation of the Biochemical, Antioxidant, Anti-Apoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Markers in Male Rats.

This study aims to see if Ginseng can reduce the hepatorenal damage caused by malathion. Four groups of forty male Wistar albino rats were alienated. Group 1 was a control group that got orally supplied corn oil (vehicle).

Arthrospira platensis nanoparticles defeat against diabetes-induced testicular injury in rat targeting, oxidative, apoptotic, and steroidogenesis pathways.

Varieties of studies have been used to investigate the health benefits of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis); however, more research is needed to examine if its nano form may be utilized to treat or prevent several chronic diseases. So, we designed this study to explore the effect and the cellular intracellular mechanisms by which Arthrospira platensis Nanoparticles (NSP) alleviates the testicular injury induced by diabetes in male Wistar rats. Eighty Wistar male rats (n = 80) were randomly allocated into eight groups.

A dosimetric comparison of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) and High Dose Rate (HDR) brachytherapy in localized cervical cancer radiotherapy.

Background: Cervical cancer radiotherapy is usually administrated through 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3DCRT) followed by a brachytherapy (BT) boost.

Purpose: To investigate whether Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) can replace High Dose Rate (HDR) intracavitary BT boost for patients undergoing cervical cancer radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Computed Tomography (CT) images for ten patients with tandem and ovoids were included in this study.

The impact of semilateral decubitus position on the dose-volume parameters of the heart and lung for left sided breast cancer patients: A comparative dosimetric study.

Purpose: When treating breast cancer with radiation therapy, the impact of treatment position on heart and lung dose-volume parameters (DVPs) is largely dependent on the maximal heart distance (MHD) and central lung distance (CLD). We evaluate how much heart and lung sparing can be achieved using the semilateral decubitus (SLD) position without and with breath hold compared with the standard supine position for left-sided breast cancer patients. A secondary aim was to investigate the impact of MHD and CLD on heart and lung DVPs.