Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of isolated from some dairy products in Libya as a foodborne pathogen.

Background And Aim: is one of the most common causes of clinical and asymptomatic mastitis in dairy cattle, as well as in milk and dairy products that affect milk quality. Mastitis caused by is even more serious due to its poor response to antibiotic therapy. The aim of this study was to detect and identify the presence of in milk and dairy products produced in Libya.

Antibacterial activity of flavonoid extracts from and against multidrug-resistant foodborne bacterial isolates.

Background: Food poisoning caused by bacterial agents is a worldwide problem, usually accompanied by unpleasant symptoms and may be severe leading to death. Natural compounds from marine algae namely flavonoids may play a role in the remedy of this condition.

Aim: This research aims to assess the potency of flavonoids extracted from and as antibacterial agents.

Nutritional and Nonnutritional Content of Underexploited Edible Seaweeds.

Macroalgae are a valuable source of highly bioactive primary and secondary metabolites that may have useful bioapplications. To investigate the nutritional and nonnutritional contents of underexploited edible seaweeds, proximate composition, including protein, fat, ash, vitamins A, C, and E, and niacin, as well as important phytochemicals, including polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, sterols, saponins, and coumarins, were screened from algal species using spectrophotometric methods. Ash content ranged from 3.

Thermal tolerance of and in reconstituted infant milk formula.

Background: sspecies are the most significant foodborne pathogen in infant milk formula (IMF). These pathogens have been incriminated in severe forms of neonatal meningitis, sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis with a high mortality rate.

Aim: This study was performed to elucidate the effect of heat stress on spp.

Occurrence and antibiogram of multidrug-resistant isolated from dairy products in Libya.

Background And Aim: Foodborne illnesses are a serious challenge to human health and the economic sector. For example, salmonellosis remains a burden in developed and developing nations. Rapid and reliable molecular methods to identify strains are essential for minimizing human infection.

Extent of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in whole muscle meat, meat products and seafood sold in Libyan market.

Background: Whole muscle meat, meat products, and seafood contain different nutrients in adequate quantity providing a better environment for presence and replication of different microorganisms. There are underreported and inaccurate estimations of foodborne diseases due to the lack of effective surveillance systems in Libya.

Aim: To determine the extent of microbiological contamination of whole muscle meat, meat products, and seafood.

Occurrence, characterization, and antibiogram of in meat, meat products, and some seafood from Libyan retail markets.

Aim: The aim of the current investigation was to screen the presence of spp., especially in meat, meat products of different animal species, and some seafood sold in some retail markets in Libya using cultural and molecular techniques, and to study their antibiotics resistance profiles.

Materials And Methods: A total of 139 samples from red meat, meat products, and seafood were collected from many areas in Libya.

Enterohemorrhagic O157 in milk and dairy products from Libya: Isolation and molecular identification by partial sequencing of 16S rDNA.

Aim: The aim of this work was to isolate and molecularly identify enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) O157 in milk and dairy products in Libya, in addition; to clear the accuracy of cultural and biochemical identification as compared with molecular identification by partial sequencing of 16S rDNA for the existing isolates.

Materials And Methods: A total of 108 samples of raw milk (cow, she-camel, and goat) and locally made dairy products (fermented cow's milk, Maasora, Ricotta and ice cream) were collected from some regions (Janzour, Tripoli, Kremiya, Tajoura and Tobruk) in Libya. Samples were subjected to microbiological analysis for isolation of that was detected by conventional cultural and molecular method using polymerase chain reaction and partial sequencing of 16S rDNA.

Isolation and molecular identification of Vibrio spp. by sequencing of 16S rDNA from seafood, meat and meat products in Libya.

The genus Vibrio includes several food-borne pathogens that cause a spectrum of clinical conditions including septicemia, cholera and milder forms of gastroenteritis. Several Vibrio spp. are commonly associated with food-borne transmission including Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus.

Serodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in naturally infected camels.

An ELISA was developed for serological detection of Echinococcus granulosus infection in dromedary camels. Antigen B (AgB) partially purified from hydatid cyst fluid of camels or sheep naturally infected with cystic echinococcosis (CE) due to E. granulosus, as well as a recombinant antigen B product (r-AgB) were used in an ELISA to screen panels of serum samples from slaughtered camels naturally infected with CE.

Isolation and characterisation of immunoglobulin g and IgG subclasses of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana).

Immunoglobulins were precipitated from pooled African elephant sera with ammonium sulphate and separated by gel filtration and fast protein liquid chromatography (ion exchange). Analysis of the fractions by SDS-PAGE showed IgG of 150 kDa with up to five subclasses, each having heavy chains of 57 kDa and light chains of 27 kDa. Three monoclonal antibodies against human IgG and polyclonal antibodies against canine, bovine, cameline, equine, phocine and feline IgG showed strong cross-reactivity with the African elephant IgG subclasses.

Immunoglobulins of camel (Camelus dromedarius) colostrum.

Immunoglobulins G, M and A were identified in dromedary camel colostra by acid precipitation, gel filtration and fast-protein liquid chromatography (ion exchange). Heavy and light chains were identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. IgG subclasses (IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3) were isolated by DEAE ion-exchange chromatography and shown to have different electrophoretic mobilities.

Serology of Orthopoxvirus cameli infection in dromedary camels: analysis by ELISA and western blotting.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed, together with a Western blotting technique, for the detection of total and IgG and IgM antibodies to camelpox virus (Orthopoxvirus cameli) in camel (Camelus dromedarius) sera and for identifying the seroreactive antigens of the virus. A total of 520 camels from different regions in Libya were tested. The overall seropositivity rate in the examined herds was 9.

Immune responses of the camel (Camelus dromedarius) to contagious ecthyma (Orf) virus infection.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed together with a western blotting technique for the detection of total and specific IgG and IgM antibodies to the contagious ecthyma (orf) virus in camel (Camelus dromedarius) sera and for identifying the seroreactive antigens of the virus. An outbreak of generalised contagious ecthyma in camels was diagnosed for the first time in Libya; the seropositivity rate in a herd with clinically affected camels was 37.9% (and was related to clinical signs) and in apparently normal herds was 0% to 6.

Monoclonal antibodies against camel (Camelus dromedarius) IgG, IgM and light chains.

Monoclonal antibodies specific for camel IgG and IgM heavy chains and immunoglobulin light chains were produced by a simple, time-saving and efficient method. Popliteal lymph nodes isolated 9 days after a primary foot-pad immunisation were used as the source of antibody producing hybridoma cells. Ascites was induced in mice and ascitic fluid collected.

Isolation and characterization of serum immunoglobulin classes of the ostrich (Struthio camelus).

Immunoglobulins were separated from ostrich sera by ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography. Two classes of immunoglobulin could be identified, corresponding to IgG and IgM of other species, based on elution profiles from ion-exchange columns and molecular mass estimation on gel-filtration chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). On SDS-PAGE, the heavy chains of IgG and IgM were shown to have molecular masses of 67.

The isolation and characterization of camel (Camelus dromedarius) immunoglobulin classes and subclasses.

Immunoglobulins G and M were prepared from camel sera by ammonium sulphate precipitation, gel filtration and fast protein liquid chromatography (ion exchange). Heavy and light chains were identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. IgG subclasses were isolated by DEAE ion exchange chromatography and shown to have different electrophoretic motilities.

Prevalence of camel brucellosis in Libya.

Sera of 967 camels of both sexes were tested for antibodies to Brucella using the Rose Bengal plate test, serum agglutination test and the complement fixation test. The prevalence of positive sera was 4.1 per cent.