[A CASE OF SEVERE DRUG INDUCED ERUPTION AFTER APALUTAMIDE USE FOR METASTATIC HORMONE-SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER, WHICH WAS DETERIORATED FROM TEMPORARY REMISSION AFTER DRUG WITHDRAWAL].

A 70-years-old man with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer received the apalutamide, an oral androgen receptor signaling inhibitor. On day10 after drug initiation, fever and skin rash appeared on his whole-body surface. He stopped taking the drug on day18 and skin symptoms temporarily improved about 7 days after discontinuation.

Target Identification of Marine Natural Product Odoamide:Odoamide Induces Apoptotic Cell Death by Targeting ATPase Na/K Transporting Subunit Alpha 1 (ATP1A1).

Marine natural products show a large variety of unique chemical structures and potent biological activities. Elucidating the target molecule and the mechanism of action is an essential and challenging step in drug development starting with a natural product. Odoamide, a member of aurilide-family isolated from Okinawan marine cyanobacterium, has been known to exhibit highly potent cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines.

Comprehensive method for producing high-affinity mouse monoclonal antibodies of various isotypes against (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP) hapten.

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) technology has significantly contributed to basic research and clinical settings for various purposes, including protective and therapeutic drugs. However, a rapid and convenient method to generate high-affinity antigen-specific mAbs has not yet been reported. Here, we developed a rapid, easy, and low-cost protocol for antigen-specific mAb production from single memory B cells.

Characterization of PSA dynamics and oncological outcomes in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treated with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors.

Background: This study investigated the characteristics of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) dynamics when androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI), or vintage agent (bicalutamide) was used for patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC).

Patients And Methods: A total of 213 mHSPC patients from each of the ARSI and bicalutamide groups treated between 2015 and 2022 were selected from multiple institutions using propensity score-matched analysis to align backgrounds. PSA progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed.

Predicting time to castration resistance with androgen-receptor signaling inhibitors in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: data from ULTRA-Japan Consortium.

Background: Androgen-receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) become the new standard of care for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). It is unknown whether time to castration resistance (TTCR), when using the first-line ARSIs, offers predictive value in mHSPC. We sought to assess the clinical outcomes for mHSPC patients treated with first-line ARSIs focusing on the TTCR.

Real-world outcomes in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer beyond progression after upfront androgen receptor signaling inhibitor.

Background: Upfront androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI) along with androgen deprivation therapy is the current standard of care for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. However, evidence on second-line therapy after upfront ARSI is scarce. We aimed to evaluate the oncological outcome of ARSI versus docetaxel (DOC) after upfront ARSI therapy in a real-world clinical practice.

Mechanistic insights into lethal hyper progressive disease induced by PD-L1 inhibitor in metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Hyper progressive disease (HPD) is a paradoxical phenomenon characterized by accelerated tumor growth following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the pathogenic causality and its predictor remain unknown. We herein report a fatal case of HPD in a 50-year-old man with metastatic bladder cancer.

Case report of a patient with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma and uncommon/compound EGFR mutations who responded to afatinib.

There is no established treatment for lung adenocarcinoma with uncommon/compound epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. We report a case of a 73-year-old man with stage IVB lung adenocarcinoma harboring E709G and L861Q EGFR mutations. After 2 months of afatinib treatment, significant tumor shrinkage was observed, and the patient's condition remained stable for 1 year.

Effects of early parenteral nutrition on the development of premature infants born at 22-23 weeks of gestation: a retrospective cohort study evaluated by brain magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: The effect of early parenteral nutrition (EPN) therapy on brain development in extremely premature infants at a gestational age (GA) of 22-25 weeks remains unknown.

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of EPN therapy on GA 22 to 25 weeks of gestation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) global brain abnormality score (GBAS).

Subjects: Forty-six preterm infants born before 26 weeks of gestation were divided into the GA 22-23 weeks (GA 22-23; n = 18) and GA 24-25 weeks (GA 24-25; n = 28) group.

Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in metastatic nonclear cell renal cell carcinoma treated with immuno-oncology combination therapy.

Background: Metastatic nonclear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) is a heterogeneous disease with poor prognosis. The clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of immuno-oncology (IO) combination therapy for nccRCC are not well known. This study analyzed patients with metastatic nccRCC treated with IO combination therapy.

Efficacy of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy compared to conventional laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for completely endophytic renal tumor: a multicenter, prospective study.

Background: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for completely endophytic renal tumors with the reported outcomes of conventional laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and investigate the transition of renal function after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, open-label trial across 17 academic centers in Japan. Patients with endophytic renal tumors classified as cT1, cN0, cM0 were included and underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.

C-Reactive Protein-Albumin Ratio Predicts Objective Response to Enfortumab Vedotin in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: Enfortumab vedotin (EV), an antibody-drug conjugate that targets Nectin-4, is used for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who have experienced progression on platinum-based chemotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors. Despite the widespread use of the drug, evidence remains scarce regarding clinical indicators that can predict the response to EV treatment.

Objective: We aimed to explore the predictive value of clinical indicators derived from peripheral blood tests for treatment responses to EV.

Photodynamic diagnosis-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumor for high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer improves intravesical recurrence-free survival (BRIGHT study).

Objectives: In a primary analysis of data from the BRIGHT study (UMIN000035712), photodynamic diagnosis-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumor (PDD-TURBT) using oral 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride reduced residual tumors in high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PDD-TURBT for intravesical recurrence after a second transurethral resection for high-risk NMIBC.

Methods: High-risk NMIBC patients initially treated with PDD-TURBT (PDD group) were prospectively registered between 2018 and 2020.

Importance of Management of Lifestyle-Related Diseases After Kidney Donation to Living Donors.

Background: Living kidney transplant donors are classified as stage 3 chronic kidney disease after kidney donation. For this reason, we provide daily lifestyle guidance, such as blood pressure and weight management before surgery, and dietary counseling focused on salt restriction. We emphasize providing lifestyle guidance after kidney donation.

Site-Selective Photo-Crosslinking of Stilbene Pairs in a DNA Duplex Mediated by Ruthenium Photocatalyst.

We herein report a method for site-selective photo-crosslinking of a DNA duplex. A stilbene pair was introduced into a DNA duplex and a ruthenium complex was conjugated with a triplex-forming oligonucleotide. We demonstrated that [2+2] photocycloaddition of the stilbene pair occurred upon irradiation with visible light when the ruthenium complex was in close proximity due to triplex formation.

Ten-Gram-Scale Total Synthesis of the Anticancer Drug Candidate E7130 to Supply Clinical Trials.

E7130 is a novel drug candidate with an exceedingly complex chemical structure of the halichondrin class, discovered by a total synthesis approach through joint research between the Kishi group at Harvard University and Eisai. Only 18 months after completion of the initial milligram-scale synthesis, ten-gram-scale synthesis of E7130 was achieved, providing the first good manufacturing practice (GMP) batch to supply clinical trials. This paper highlights the challenges in developing ten-gram-scale synthesis from the milligram-scale synthesis.

Absence of Anaphylactic Reactions to Injection of Hemoglobin Vesicles (Artificial Red Cells) to Rodents.

The safety and efficacy of hemoglobin vesicles (HbVs) as artificial oxygen carriers encapsulating a purified and concentrated Hb solution in liposomes have been studied extensively. The HbV surface, modified with PEG by incorporating a PEG-conjugated phospholipid, is beneficial for storage and biocompatibility. However, it might be possible that interaction of PEG and the pre-existing anti-PEG antibody in the bloodstream causes acute adverse reaction.

The medical cost and outcome of desensitization protocol in kidney transplantation recipients with high immunological risks.

Background: Kidney transplantation is a well-established alternative in renal replacement therapy. Compared with hemodialysis, low-immunological-risk kidney transplantation can reduce the medical treatment costs associated with end-stage renal disease. However, there are few reports on whether high-immunological-risk kidney transplantation reduces the financial burden on governments.

Bronchogenic cysts in rare sites (retroperitoneum, skin, spinal cord and pericardial cavity): A case series and characterization of epithelial phenotypes.

Bronchogenic cysts are congenital malformations of the bronchial tree, detected as a cystic and/or mass lesion in the thoracic cavity. Although it occurs in distant locations, such as skin and retroperitoneum, to the best of our knowledge, little is known about the components and phenotypes of the epithelium that line a bronchogenic cyst in rare sites. The present study reviewed 34 bronchogenic cysts that were surgically resected at Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital (Osaka, Japan) from January 1998 to December 2020.