Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) as a Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) Development in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: Despite ongoing findings on the relationship between liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), this association in diabetic patients remains unclear. Early diagnosis of liver fibrosis is important due to the easily available diagnostic tools, such as noninvasive indices that combine clinical and laboratory variables, and the possibility of preventing its complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with MetS.

Objective: This study examines the potential predictive values of non-invasive liver fibrosis indices for MetS in T2DM patients.

Short-term efficacy of vedolizumab in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in real-life settings in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), necessitates effective management strategies. This study aims to evaluate the real-world efficacy of vedolizumab, a newer biological therapy, in treating IBD in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A retrospective observational study was conducted across six medical centers, involving 139 IBD patients, 76 with UC and 63 with CD.

Nifuroxazide Has Better Efficacy Than Probiotic Treatment in Adult Patients with Acute Diarrheal Syndrome.

Background: Acute gastroenteritis remains an extremely common problem among the general population. In Western countries, an average person will probably face one or two episodes of gastrointestinal infections every year.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of nifuroxazide and probiotic preparation containing lactic acid bacteria in the treatment of acute diarrheal syndrome.

Prediction of Surgical Treatment in Acute Pancreatitis Using Biochemical and Clinical Parameters.

Background: Deep Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an urging cause of hospitalization in the gastroenterology due to different causes and an unpredictable outcome. Known causes are grouped into four main groups: metabolic, mechanical, vascular and infectious.

Objective: To determine the role of certain biochemical or radiological parameters as predictors of an involvement of other organs in AP different pathological staging and the surgical outcome in the treatment of AP.

Diagnostic Potential of Ratio Between Creatine Kinase and Amylase in Acute Pancreatitis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory illness of the pancreas representing a true question in diagnostic process. Laboratory markers of the hepatobiliary tract such as liver transaminases with pancreatic enzymes give a true hint of a hidden diagnosis together with urea, creatinine and creatine kinase (CK).

Objective: This clinical study aims to show whether there is any correlation between alpha-amylase and CK or their ratio examining hospitalized patients with AP diagnosis.

The Role of Novel Motorized Spiral Enteroscopy in the Diagnosis of Cecal Tumors.

Small bowel and ileocecal diseases remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, despite the introduction of various modalities for deep enteroscopy. Novel Motorized Spiral Enteroscopy is an innovative technology that uses an overtube with a raised spiral at the distal end to pleat the small intestine. It consumes less time and meets both the diagnostic and therapeutic needs of small bowel diseases.

Brixia Chest X-ray Severity Scoring System is in Relation with C-reactive Protein and D-dimer Values in Patients with COVID-19.

Background: The Brixia scoring system interpreted chest X-ray changes, serves as an indicator of the extent of changes in the lung parenchyma.

Objective: To indicate the effect of D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) on Brixia score in patients with positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods: The research had prospective, descriptive and analytical character, and included patients (n=104) with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis.

The Role of Inflammation in Anal Cancer.

The aim of this article was to present a summary of the current resources available in the literature regarding the role of inflammation in anal cancer development. Anal cancer is relatively uncommon, accounting for about 2.7% of all reported gastrointestinal cancers in the United States.

Biochemical Parameters as Predictors of Underlying Liver Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disorders.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly common cause of chronic liver disease and is becoming a major public health problem. NAFLD has been recognized as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, associated with systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the role of serum LFT parameters and renal function parameters as predictors of unmanifested liver disease.

MRI Evaluation of Extramural Venous Invasion (EMVI) with Rectal Carcinoma Using High Resolution T2 and Combination of High Resolution T2 and Contrast Enhanced T1 Weighted Imaging.

Background: EMVI is a direct invasion of a vein by a tumor. As a predictor of hematogenous metastasis, it is a poor prognostic factor in rectal cancer and can be accurately identified on MRI prior to surgical procedure.

Objective: To evaluate the role of contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (CET1WI) in addition to high-resolution T2-weighted imaging (HRT2WI) in assessing extramural venous invasion (EMVI) of rectal cancer.

Comparison of Glasgow-Blatchford Score and Rockall Score in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding can be a life-threatening condition and requires careful evaluation from the very first episode in order to reduce the risk of rebleeding, hemorrhagic shock and death. The outcome of a patient with upper gastrointestinal bleeding depends on resuscitation measures taken during admission to the hospital and an adequate assessment of the patient's risk level.

Aim: The aim of the study is to compare Glasgow Blatchford score and Rockall score and to identify the most accurate score used in predicting unfavorable outcomes and the need for intervention.

Alcohol-Related Liver Disease Is Rarely Detected at Early Stages Compared With Liver Diseases of Other Etiologies Worldwide.

Background & Aims: Despite recent advances in treatment of viral hepatitis, liver-related mortality is high, possibly owing to the large burden of advanced alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). We investigated whether patients with ALD are initially seen at later stages of disease development than patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection or other etiologies.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 3453 consecutive patients with either early or advanced liver disease (1699 patients with early and 1754 with advanced liver disease) seen at 17 tertiary care liver or gastrointestinal units worldwide, from August 2015 through March 2017.

Evaluation of Diagnostic Efficiency of Alpha-Fetoprotein in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Single-Center Experience.

Background: AFP serum levels are considered as diagnostic and specific for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC).

Aim: This study aimed to examine the diagnostic value of AFP in the distinguishing of patients with HCC from patients with LC, and to analyse the potential correlation between AFP levels and liver disease stages.

Material And Methods: Fifty patients with LC and fifty patients with HCC were included in this study.

Impact of Different Sources of Infection on Therapy Response in Chronic Hepatitis C.

Introduction: Prior to the 1990s, the most common sources of HCV infections were blood transfusions, unsafe injections and I.V drug use. Screening of blood products for HCV has eradicated transfusion-transmitted hepatitis C in most countries since 1992-in Bosnia and Herzegovina, however, since 1995, due to the war.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Transvaginal Ultrasonography (TVU) at Ovarian Pain Caused by Benign Ovarian Lesions.

Research Goal: The aim of the research is to define the possibilities of TVU and the MRI in the diagnosis of the most common benign ovarian lesions which cause pelvic pain.

Patients And Methods: In study were included n=74 patients with pelvic pain, who were examined with TVU and then with an MRI of pelvis. Diagnostic results of all patients (n=74) divided into two groups according to the modality that was performed (TVU results n=74 and MRI results n=74 MRI ).

Effects of Treatment of Uterine Cervical Carcinoma Monitored by Magnetic Resonance Imaging - Sarajevo Experience.

Goal: The goal of this study was the determination of the effects in treatment of early stage (
Material And Methods: The study was a prospective, comparative, analytical, and observational and included 74 patients with cervical cancer (PH confirmed). All 74 patients have initially gone through the pre-therapeutic MRI to determine the tumour FIGO stage.

[HBsAg SEROCONVERSION IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B WITH PEGYLATED INTERFERON].

The ideal goal of antiviral therapy or cure of chronic hepatitis B is HBsAg clearance and HBsAg seroconversion. According to modern guidelines of all Associations for liver diseases pegylated interferon alfa-2a and nucleos(t)ide analogues (entecavir, tenofovir) are first choice in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. The aim of the study was to evaluate the success of the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B who received pegylated interferon.

DWI/ADC in Differentiation of Benign from Malignant Focal Liver Lesion.

Material And Methods: The study was of prospective-retrospective character. It was carried out at the AKH in Vienna (Austria), where 100 patients with focal liver lesions were included in the study. All patients underwent the routine MR sequences on appliances 1,5 and 3T (Siemens, Germany): T1, T2, HASTE, VIBE, and a DWI with three b values (b 50, b 300 b 600 s / mm) and ADC map with ROI (regions of interest).

The Significance of MRI Evaluation of the Uterine Junctional Zone in the Early Diagnosis of Adenomyosis.

Goal: The aim of the study is to define the MRI appearance of disorder in the Junctional zone (JZ) in women with adenomyosis compared to those without it, given the importance of the JZ in the regulation of various reproductive events.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective, comparative and open study. Patients with adenomyosis have been sorted in target group, n = 82, while the control group consisted of patients without adenomyosis, n = 82.

Effect of Antiviral Therapy on Serum Activity of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C.

Introduction: Renin-angiotenzin system (RAS) is frequently activated in patients with chronic liver disease. Angiotenzin - II (AT-II), produced by angiotenzin converting enzyme (ACE), has many physiological effects, including an important role in liver fibrogenesis. Combined antiviral therapy with PEG-IFN and ribavirin besides its antiviral effect also leads to a reduction in liver parenchyma fibrosis.

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING TO EVALUATE NEOADJUVANT THERAPY EFFECTS ON RECTAL CARCINOMA.

Although total mesorectal excision reduces the local recurrence rate in comparison to other surgical approaches, the occurrence of local relapse is still common, especially in cases when there is malignant infiltration of the circumferential resection margin. Mesorectal fascia is an important prognostic and diagnostic factor and it may be argued that mesorectal fascia represents the circumferential resection margin if total mesorectal excision is used as a surgical approach. Tumor infiltration of mesorectal fascia warrants preoperative neoadjuvant therapy in order to reduce the risk of tumor relapse.

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) Values as Predictor of Renal Insufficiency in Advanced Stages of Liver Diseases with Different Etiology.

Background: Various complications occur in patients with advanced stages of liver diseases. Renal dysfunction, a parameter included in the MELD score, is the most important prognostic factor. There is a strong need in clinical practice to estimate the GFR in this patients.

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values as predictor of renal insufficiency in advanced stages of liver diseases with different etiology.

Background: Various complications occur in patients with advanced stages of liver diseases. Renal dysfunction, a parameter included in the MELD score, is the most important prognostic factor. There is a strong need in clinical practice to estimate the GFR in this patients.

Sensitivity of EUS and ERCP Endoscopic Procedures in the Detection of Pancreatic Cancer During Preoperative Staging Correlated with CT and CT Angiography Imaging Methods.

The Goal: The goal of this work was to give advantage to EUS as endoscopic method in diagnosis and following therapeutic treatment of pancreatic cancer in relation to radiological methods of CT and CTA.

Material And Methods: The study included 49 patients, 20 women and 29 men hospitalized at the Clinic for gastroenterohepatology, due to suspicion on pancreatic cancer during observed 2 years period. All cancers were histologically and cytologically confirmed.