Superior Vena Cava as Gateway to Heart: Metastatic Breast Carcinoma Causing Ball in a Loop Metastasis to Right Atrium.

Breast carcinoma is the most common invasive cancer in women worldwide. It metastasizes commonly to bone, lungs, regional lymph nodes and brain. Cardiac metastasis of lung and breast cancers is a known but rare complication of advanced disease with tumour metastasising to pericardium via the locoregional lymphatic system.

Leriche Syndrome: Acute Onset Painful Paraplegia of Vascular Origin with Catastrophic Consequences.

Acute Aorto-Iliac Occlusive Disease (AIOD) is a rare clinical entity which when presents with buttock claudication, erectile dysfunction and absent femoral pulses is termed as Leriche syndrome. A 59-year-old male patient with past history of smoking and dyslipidaemia presented with acute onset lower back pain, paraplegia, intense lower limb pain and was initially evaluated for compressive myelopathy. On further clinical examination there were absent femoral pulses and Computed Tomography (CT) aortogram was done which confirmed the diagnosis of diffuse AIOD.

Severe Left Ventricular Endomyocardial Fibrosis Presenting as Biventricular Failure in a Young Adult: A Case Report.

Endomyocardial Fibrosis (EMF) is a form of progressive restrictive cardiomyopathy of unclear aetiology prevalent in areas within 15 of equator including coastal areas of Kerala a few decades back. It inflicts young adults and carries a poor prognosis due to limited options for treatment. Fortunately, the incidence of cases is now declining due to improvement in health and hygiene standards.