Cancer stem-like cells evade CD8CD103 tumor-resident memory T (T) lymphocytes by initiating an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition program in a human lung tumor model.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSC) define a population of rare malignant cells endowed with 'stemness' properties, such as self-renewing, multipotency and tumorigenicity. They are responsible for tumor initiation and progression, and could be associated with resistance to immunotherapies by negatively regulating antitumor immune response and acquiring molecular features enabling escape from CD8 T-cell immunity. However, the immunological hallmarks of human lung CSC and their potential interactions with resident memory T (T) cells within the tumor microenvironment have not been investigated.

Broilers divergently selected for digestibility differ for their digestive microbial ecosystems.

Improving the digestive efficiency of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus) could reduce organic waste, increase the use of alternative feed not used for human consumption and reduce the impact of feed in production costs. By selecting chicken lines divergently for their digestive efficiency, we showed previously that digestive efficiency is under genetic control and that the two resulting divergent lines, D+ (high digestive efficiency or "digestibility +") and D- (low digestive efficiency or "digestibility -"), also differ for the abundance of specific bacteria in their caeca. Here we perform a more extensive census of the bacteria present in the digestive microbiota of 60 chickens selected for their low apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn-) or high (AMEn+) digestive efficiency in a [D+ x D-] F8 progeny of 200 individuals.