Diagnosis of cerebral atrophy in infants by near-field cranial sonography.

Cranial sonography is the ideal imaging tool for use in infants. However, it has not been used for the diagnosis of cerebral atrophy in infants as the subarachnoid space has been a "blind spot" with ultrasound. We evaluated cerebral atrophy by a unique application of cranial sonography that we have termed the near-field method, and compared these results with those of cranial computed tomography (CT).

Effect of selenium deficiency on caprine polymorphonuclear leukocyte production of leukotriene B4 and its neutrophil chemotactic activity.

These studies were designed to measure leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from selenium (Se)-deficient and Se-adequate goats. Leukotriene B4 was measured by both radioimmune and chemotactic activity assays in supernatants of PMN stimulated by calcium ionophore A23187. The concentration of LTB4 produced by PMN from Se-deficient goats was significantly (P less than 0.

Depressed neutrophil chemotactic stimuli in supernatants of ionophore-treated polymorphonuclear leukocytes from selenium-deficient goats.

The effect of dietary selenium (Se) deficiency on the generation of neutrophil chemotactic factors from goat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was studied. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes were isolated from 2 groups of crossbred goats. One group (n = 3) was fed a diet deficient in Se; the other (n = 3) was fed a diet adequate in Se.

The effect of selenium deficiency in goats on lymphocyte production of leukocyte migration inhibitory factor.

The effect of dietary selenium on caprine leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF) production was examined in vitro using lymphocytes from goats fed a diet deficient in selenium. Selenium deficiency was determined by decreased plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes to produce LMIF induced by concanavalin A (Con A) was significantly (P less than 0.

Effects of selenium on polymorphonuclear leukocyte function in goats.

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) from goats fed selenium-deficient and selenium-adequate diets were tested for their ability to perform (i) random migration under agarose, (ii) leukotaxis toward serum chemotaxins under agarose, and (iii) phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan by chemiluminescence analysis. Function of PMN from goats fed the selenium-deficient diet was severely depressed, and incubation of these cells with selenium resulted in marked functional enhancement. Also, administration of selenium to goats fed the selenium-deficient diet resulted in increased PMN functions.

Refractory coagulopathy in an infant with loss of clotting proteins into ascitic fluid.

Report of a newborn with massive ascites who developed a severe coagulopathy due to multiple intrinsic and extrinsic clotting factor deficiencies. All deficient coagulation factors were present in measurable quantities in the infant's ascitic fluid. It is postulated that she sustained loss of coagulant proteins by transudation into her peritoneal cavity.