Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Hemodialysis Patients and Related Biochemical and Clinical Factors.

Introduction: Cardiovascular complications are the most frequent cause of death in chronic kidney disease that happens due to both general and uremic risk factors. Recently, the medical literature has declared the carotid artery intima-media thickness to be an indicator for predicting cardiovascular diseases.

Methods: This paper is an attempt to introduce an analytical cross-sectional study of 128 hemodialysis patients.

Missed bladder rupture following vaginal delivery: Possible role of assessing ascitic fluid creatinine levels?

Bladder injury is the most common urological trauma following the gynecological procedure. Normal vaginal delivery candidates with unresponsive and prolonged ascites and bladder-emptying complaints should be examined for bladder rupture. We also suggest measurement of ascitic fluid creatinine levels in these patients.

The Application of Urinary NGAL Measurement for Early Detection of AKI in Hospitalized Patients with Poisoning.

Introduction: Early diagnosis of acute kidney injury is critical for decision-making. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a biomarker introduced for early detection of acute kidney injury (AKI). We evaluated urinary NGAL level in hospitalized patients due to poisoning as a predictor of AKI.

Study of Urine Composition of Patients With Recurrent Nephrolithiasis in Lorestan, Iran.

Introduction: Nephrolithiasis is one of the most common urinary tract diseases. After the first episode of urinary calculus, the risk of recurrence is nearly 40% to 50% at 5 years. Nephrolithiasis is a systemic disease that is associated with some metabolic disorders.

Administration of pentoxifylline to improve anemia of hemodialysis patients.

One of the most important causes of erythropoietin-resistant anemia in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients is increased levels of inflammatory cytokines. In this study pentoxifylline, an anti-inflammatory and anti-cytokine drug, with no significant side effects was used to manage anemia in ESRD patients. Thirty-nine ESRD patients with erythropoietin-resistant anemia were assigned to two groups, the treatment and the control groups.

Anti-inflammatory effect of simvastatin in hemodialysis patients.

Background: Patients in the final stages of renal failure have accelerated inflammation conditions. Inflammation causes progressive kidney damage, faster progression of atherogenesis, chronic malnutrition and increased anemia, resulting in lower life expectancy of patients under dialysis. Statins have pleiotropic effects, because the drug has effects more than just decreasing lipids such as antioxidant effects, changes in endothelial dysfunction, stabilizing the plaque and immune system regulator.

N-acetylcysteine overdose after acetaminophen poisoning.

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is used widely and effectively in oral and intravenous forms as a specific antidote for acetaminophen poisoning. Here we report a rare case of iatrogenic NAC overdose following an error in preparation of the solution, and describe its clinical symptoms. Laboratory results and are presented and examined.

Oral nicotinamide reduces serum phosphorus, increases HDL, and induces thrombocytopenia in hemodialysis patients: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Background: Recently, nicotinamide has been suggested as an effective drug for hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis patients. The authors assessed the efficacy and safety of nicotinamide in these patients with lower doses and longer duration than other studies.

Methods: Forty eight patients with fasting serum phosphorus >5 mg/dl enrolled in this randomized clinical trial study and were randomly assigned to two equal-sized groups of nicotinamide or placebo.