High prevalence of Mucosa-Associated extended-spectrum β-Lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among Iranain patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Background: Several pieces of evidence suggest that certain pathobionts belonging to Enterobacterales are associated with the development and progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) ESBLs are frequently found in the Enterobacterales members, particularly in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp., and might trigger antibiotic-induced perturbations of the intestinal microbiota and led to more severe disease activity in IBD.