[Online survey on the reasons for vaccine hesitancy against COVID-19 in children and adolescents in Brazil].

The objective is to unveil the reasons for vaccine hesitancy among parents and/or guardians of children and adolescents toward the prevention of COVID-19. This is a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach that seeks to analyze the answers to the open question "Why will you not vaccinate or have not vaccinated or are in doubt about vaccinating the children and adolescents under your responsibility, for the prevention of COVID-19?". The research included adult individuals, Brazilians, living in the country, responsible for children and adolescents under 18 years of age.

Trustworthiness of information sources on vaccines for COVID-19 prevention among Brazilians.

Objective: This study aims to assess the trustworthiness of information sources, perception of clear information about the vaccine, and strategies to increase adherence to vaccination to provide managers with information that helps establish effective communication with the population about vaccination.

Method: This is an online survey conducted between January 22 and 29, 2021, preceded by an Informed Consent, that aims to assess vaccine hesitancy, which corresponded to the first week of vaccination initiation to prevent COVID-19 in Brazil. Data were obtained from a questionnaire made available through a free platform and stored in Google Forms and later exported to the SPSS statistical package for analysis.

Repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on health professionals in the state of Rio de Janeiro / Brazil.

Unlabelled: Brazil has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The high numbers of confirmed cases and deaths have continued unabated since the first reported case, with no flattening or downward turn in the curve. In this context, healthcare workers have been exposed uninterruptedly to stress factors throughout a year of the pandemic.

Association of electrical bioimpedance vectors with the nutritional classification of vulnerable multiethnic children.

Background & Aims: Monitoring growth and body composition in childhood is vital for early detection of health and nutrition problems during child development. The bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) revealed its effectiveness as an indicator of nutritional status. This study aimed to measure the bioimpedance vectors of a sample of multiethnic children and evaluate the utility of BIVA for the classification of the nutritional status in a group of children with greater vulnerability, including in the presence of obesity.

Children's Multisystem inflammatory syndrome with myopathy.

This report describes a case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in a child that evolved with a pattern of toxic shock syndrome with coronary artery ectasia and neurological involvement, documented by magnetic resonance imaging, with changes in the corpus callosum and myopathy in the pelvic girdle and paravertebral musculature.

Pediatric patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units in Brazil: a prospective multicenter study.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of children and adolescents admitted to intensive care with confirmed COVID-19.

Method: Prospective, multicenter, observational study, in 19 pediatric intensive care units. Patients aged 1 month to 19 years admitted consecutively (March-May 2020) were included.

The importance of bioelectrical impedance in the critical pediatric patient.

Background & Aims: Sepsis is still a significant cause of death in the Intensive Care Unit and its early diagnosis is vital. Changes in cell permeability have been observed early in sepsis. Lower values of bioelectrical impedance (BIA) such as reactance adjusted by height (Xc/H) and phase angle (PA) have already been studied as a prognostic biomarker for many diseases and may indicate cell injury.

The Use of Feathers from Racing Pigeons for Doping Control Purposes.

The development of accurate and reliable analytical methodologies to detect the abuse of doping agents in sport animals is crucial to ensure their welfare, as well as to support continuing social acceptance of these sports. The detection of doping agents in racing pigeons is difficult, especially owing to the disadvantages and limitations of obtaining samples from conventional matrices. The present study aimed to develop and validate an analytical methodology combining a two-step extraction procedure (liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction) in feathers from racing pigeons with analysis by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) that enabled the simultaneous detection of a beta-agonist drug (clenbuterol) and three corticosteroids (prednisolone, betamethasone and budesonide).

Burkholderia thailandensis as a microbial cell factory for the bioconversion of used cooking oil to polyhydroxyalkanoates and rhamnolipids.

The present work assessed the feasibility of used cooking oil as a low cost carbon source for rhamnolipid biosurfactant production employing the strain Burkholderia thailandensis. According to the results, B. thailandensis was able to produce rhamnolipids up to 2.

New glycolipid biosurfactants produced by the yeast strain Wickerhamomyces anomalus CCMA 0358.

In this work, biosurfactant production by several yeast strains was evaluated using different culture media. The best results were obtained with the strain Wickerhamomyces anomalus CCMA 0358 growing in a culture medium containing glucose (1g/L) and olive oil (20g/L) as carbon sources. This strain produced 2.

Valorization of agro-industrial wastes towards the production of rhamnolipids.

In this work, oil mill wastewater (OMW), a residue generated during olive oil extraction, was evaluated as an inducer of rhamnolipid production. Using a medium containing as sole ingredients corn steep liquor (10%, v/v), sugarcane molasses (10%, w/v) and OMW (25%, v/v), Pseudomonas aeruginosa #112 produced 4.5 and 5.

Evaluation of sublingual microcirculation in children with dengue shock.

Objective: To report the sublingual microcirculation observed using Sidestream Dark Field imaging in two children with dengue shock.

Method: Two children, aged 9 and 10 years, were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with dengue shock and multiple organ dysfunction. Sublingual microcirculation was assessed in each patient on the first and second days of shock and was assessed a final time when the patients were no longer in shock (on the day prior to extubation) using Sidestream Dark Field technology.

Bioelectrical impedance parameters in critically ill children: importance of reactance and resistance.

Background & Aims: Currently, there are no clinical or laboratory parameters that can be used efficiently to predict the prognosis of critically ill patients, but in some situations, raw bioelectrical impedance parameters have been shown to be useful. The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavior of reactance and resistance in the severity of the critically ill pediatric patient.

Methods: We prospectively analyzed bioelectrical impedance in a sample of 332 critically ill pediatric patients submitted to mechanical ventilation.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin-alpha (LTA) single nucleotide polymorphisms: importance in ARDS in septic pediatric critically ill patients.

Accumulating evidence indicates that genetic background influences the outcome of sepsis, which despite medical advances continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of SNPs LTA +252A>G, TNF-863C>A and TNF-308G>A on susceptibility to sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock and sepsis mortality. A prospective case-control study was carried out in a Brazilian pediatric intensive care unit and included 490 septic pediatric patients submitted to mechanical ventilation and 610 healthy children.

Distribution of bioelectrical impedance vector values in multi-ethnic infants and pre-school children.

Background & Aims: Ethnicity may influence bioimpedance values. The goal of this study was to measure total body impedance vector in infants and pre-school children in Brazil and compare them with those reported in other countries.

Methods: We analyzed bioelectrical impedance from a sample of 255 healthy Brazilian children, aged 1-36 months, using the RXc graph method (tetrapolar analysis at 50 kHz frequency).

[Association between phase angle, PRISM I and sepsis severity].

Background And Objectives: Phase angle (PA) is the difference between voltage and current and can be used as an indicator of body cell mass. Clinical studies show that low phase angle is associated with morbidity and mortality of critical patients. The purpose of this study was to know the relation between phase angle and the Pediatric Risk of Mortality I (PRISM I) score, associating this score with the severity of sepsis.

Increased production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in whole blood cultures from children with primary malnutrition.

Because low tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production has been reported in malnourished children, in contrast with high production of TNF-alpha in experimental protein-energy malnutrition, we reevaluated the production of TNF-alpha in whole blood cultures from children with primary malnutrition free from infection, and in healthy sex- and age-matched controls. Mononuclear cells in blood diluted 1:5 in endotoxin-free medium released TNF-alpha for 24 h. Spontaneously released TNF-alpha levels (mean +/- SEM), as measured by enzyme immunoassay in the supernatants of unstimulated 24-h cultures, were 10,941 +/- 2,591 pg/ml in children with malnutrition (N = 11) and 533 +/- 267 pg/ml in controls (N = 18) (P < 0.

Citrulline as the main precursor of ethyl carbamate in model fortified wines inoculated with Lactobacillus hilgardii: a marker of the levels in a spoiled fortified wine.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the production of ethyl carbamate (EC) precursors by Lactobacillus hilgardii in model and Douro fortified wines and to determine the relationship between these compounds and EC levels in this type of wine.

Methods And Results: Several model fortified wines and fortified wine inoculated with L. hilgardii were analysed for citrulline and EC formation.

Chemicals with sweet aroma descriptors found in Portuguese wines from the Douro region: 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-ene-1,4-dione and diacetyl.

2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-2-ene-1,4-dione (TMCHD), a norisoprenoid with a sweet honey aroma descriptor, is reported for the first time as a minor constituent of single-varietal table and fortified wines from the demarcated Douro region. Olfactory gas chromatography (GC-O) of a volatile wine extract, previously isolated by preparative gas chromatography, indicated the presence of a zone containing an intense honey descriptor. The targeted odor compound was identified by GC-MS, GC-O, and Kovats index.

[Cat-scratch disease caused by Bartonella quintana in an infant: an unusual presentation].

This case study reports a typical clinical course of cat-scratch disease (CSD) in an infant without epidemiological data and presenting bilateral submandibular lymphadenopathy. The authors describe clinical course, ultrasound images, diagnosis and prognosis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected and identified B.

[Children with acute respiratory distress syndrome: anatomoclinical and radiologic correlation].

This retrospective study reviews cases of ARDS (Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome) treated and followed up from October 1988 to December 1990 in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Instituto Fernandes Figueira/FIOCRUZ, Brazil. Clinical, radiological and histopathological features were analyzed and correlated with well defined stages of the disease process. Out of 459 cases, 49 (11%) were selected for further study.