Advances in CRISPR-Cas technology and its applications: revolutionising precision medicine.

CRISPR-Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-CRISPR-associated proteins) has undergone marked advancements since its discovery as an adaptive immune system in bacteria and archaea, emerged as a potent gene-editing tool after the successful engineering of its synthetic guide RNA (sgRNA) toward the targeting of specific DNA sequences with high accuracy. Besides its DNA editing ability, further-developed Cas variants can also edit the epigenome, rendering the CRISPR-Cas system a versatile tool for genome and epigenome manipulation and a pioneering force in precision medicine. This review explores the latest advancements in CRISPR-Cas technology and its therapeutic and biomedical applications, highlighting its transformative impact on precision medicine.

Effects of Growth Stages on Leaf Nutrients, Metabolites, and Polyphenols of Three Varieties of Haskap.

Haskap ( L.) has gained much research interest, given the diverse biologically active compounds found in different parts of the plant. It is, therefore, important to study the concentration of some of these biologically active compounds at different developmental stages.

Seroepidemiological study of Neospora caninum in equids using c-ELISA in Erbil Province, Iraq.

Equine neosporosis is an intracellular protozoan disease with a global distribution, affecting a diverse range of warm-blooded animals. Neospora caninum Dubey, Carpenter, Speer, Topper et Uggla, 1988 is associated with foetal loss, neurological disease and abortion in equids. No information was available regarding equine N.

Evaluating the effectiveness of AI-powered UrologiQ's in accurately measuring kidney stone volume in urolithiasis patients.

Kidney stones and urolithiasis are kidney diseases that have a significant impact on health and well-being, and their incidence is increasing annually owing to factors such as age, sex, ethnicity, and geographical location. Accurate identification and volume measurement of kidney stones are critical for determining the appropriate surgical approach, as timely and precise treatment is essential to prevent complications and ensure successful outcomes. Larger stones often require more invasive procedures, and precise volume measurements are essential for effective surgical planning and patient outcomes.

Measuring Diabetic Medication Adherence and Factors That Lead to Non-adherence Among Patients in Erbil.

Introduction T2D is a chronic and progressive disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from inadequate insulin secretion or utilization. The global prevalence of T2D is increasing rapidly, posing a significant health burden in many regions. In the Kurdistan region of Iraq, T2D presents a significant health burden, exacerbated by socioeconomic changes, dietary shifts, and rising obesity rates.

Advances in understanding plant-pathogen interactions: insights from tomato as a model system.

The impact of plant diseases coupled with climate change on agriculture worldwide cannot be overemphasized from negative effects on crop yield as well as economy to food insecurity. The model plants are essential for understanding the intricacies of plant-pathogen interactions. One of such plants is the tomato ( L.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles-doped curcumin-assisted recovery of rheumatoid arthritis and antioxidant status in experimental rabbits.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and synovial joint destruction.

Aims: The current study investigated the possible beneficial effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles doped curcumin (ZnONPs-DC) on the recovery of RA and antioxidant status of experimental rabbits.

Methods: RA was induced in experimental rabbits by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant and collagen type-II emulsion (100 μL/kg body weight) in the base of their tail.

Factors influencing nearshore hypoxia in the southeastern Arabian Sea: A sensor-based study.

Seasonal upwelling and the associated incursion of hypoxic waters into the coastal zone is a widely studied topic over different upwelling zones. However, its persistence or variations over short time scales are poorly addressed. The present study, therefore, brings out a first report on hourly variations in the temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen recorded by an environmental data buoy equipped with sensors, deployed in the nearshore waters of Alappuzha (southeastern Arabian Sea) from April to August 2022.

Evaluating diagnostic performance of three cephalometric vertical parameters.

Objectives: The goal of this research was to see how reliable and valid three selected parameters from different analysis were in detecting the vertical skeletal pattern.

Methods: There were 94 cephalometric x-rays used in all. The vertical skeletal pattern was assessed using the mandibular plane angle by Steiner, Frankfort mandibular angle by Tweed, and facial axis angle by McNamara.

Evaluation of Arab Cultural Barriers That Influence Muslim Arab Iraqi Women's Breast Cancer Screening Behavior.

Objective: Little is known about Iraqi women's practice towards breast cancer screening (BCS), breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE) and mammography, and the influence of Arab culture. The aim of this study was to assess women's behavior towards BCS, and to explain the influence of specific Arab culture barriers.

Materials And Methods: This descriptive study was carried out with 1,066 women.

Imidazolium based ionic liquids modified polysaccharides for adsorption and solid-phase extraction applications: A review.

Attempt to broaden the application of ionic liquids (ILs) towards synthesis and modification of polysaccharides as adsorbent have gained more attention in the last two decades. This development has been aimed mainly on the use of environmentally friendly chemicals for improving the physical, chemical and adsorptive features of polysaccharides-based adsorbents for various applications. In the build-up to improve the polysaccharides-based adsorbents' characteristics through modification, ILs have been utilised by researcher either as a solvent medium or as a component of the modified natural polymer-based adsorbent.

Germination induced changes in bioactive compounds and nutritional components of millets.

The present study was conducted to compare the nutritional quality and the concentration of bioactive compounds in the flours from dehusked and germinated foxtail, barnyard, and little millets. Germinated millet flours showed significantly higher protein content (11.79-33.

Extraction of Chitosan with Different Physicochemical Properties from Cunninghamella echinulata (Thaxter) Thaxter for Biological Applications.

The conventional production of chitosan from crustaceans has many limitations. An attempt was made to optimize chitosan production from fungi. Soil fungi were isolated, identified, and screened for high glucosamine content.

The Effect of Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Gene Polymorphism and Hormone Replacement Therapy on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) is a prevalent and complicated gynecological endocrine disease that affects around 6% to 10% of women of reproductive age. PCOS is marked by oligoanovulation or anovulation, hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinemia, monthly irregularity, and infertility. This study included 58 Kurdish females with PCOS who went to private clinics at Hawler city.

Evaluation of Procalcitonin and Interleukin-6 as a Marker of Bacterial Urinary Tract Infection.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a major clinical problem in a wide age range that is associated with a high morbidity rate. Due to issues such as low specificity and the inability to differentiate between different types of infection in current diagnostic methods, there is a need to introduce novel UTI markers. The present study was conducted to evaluate the utility of Procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a marker of bacterial urinary tract infection.

Effect of cashew nut protein concentrate substitution on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and consumer acceptability of wheat bread.

The effect of incorporating different proportions (5, 10, 15 and 20%) of cashew nut protein concentrate (CNPC) on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and consumer acceptability of bread was investigated. Substitution of wheat flour with CNPC increased the water and oil absorption capacity, swelling capacity, peak and final viscosities. Substitution of CNPC in wheat bread significantly increased the protein (12.

Controlled reduction of activated primary and secondary amides into aldehydes with diisobutylaluminum hydride.

A practical method is disclosed for the reduction of activated primary and secondary amides into aldehydes using diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL-H) in toluene. A wide range of aryl and alkyl -Boc, -diBoc and -tosyl amides were converted into the corresponding aldehydes in good to excellent yields. Reduction susceptible functional groups such as nitro, cyano, alkene and alkyne groups were found to be stable.

Overwhelming and unjust: A qualitative study of fathers' experiences of grief following neonatal death.

Limited research has examined the grief experiences of fathers following neonatal death. Using a qualitative research design, ten fathers were interviewed, and thematic analysis resulted in three overarching themes: ', ' and . Overall, results showed that grief was a multidimensional experience for fathers, with expressions of grief including strong feelings of anger and guilt and the manifestation of grief in physical symptoms.

Predictive Risk Mapping for Schistosomiasis in Parts of Borgu Local Government Area (LGA) of Niger State, Nigeria.

Background: This study constructed predictive risk mapping of schistosomiasis infection and transmission using environmental and proximity risk factors.

Methods: Environmental risk factors were derived from satellite imageries. Proximity risk factors and parasitological results were derived from fieldwork.

Development and characterization of five novel cell lines from snubnose pompano, Trachinotus blochii (Lacepede, 1801), and their application in gene expression and virological studies.

Five novel permanent cell lines have been established from gill, heart, kidney, eye and fin of snubnose pompano, Trachinotus blochii. They were designated as snubnose pompano gill (SPG), snubnose pompano heart (SPH), snubnose pompano kidney (SPK), snubnose pompano eye (SPE) and snubnose pompano fin (SPF), respectively. All these cell lines were characterized and cryopreserved successfully at different passage levels.

Australian fathers' experiences of support following neonatal death: a need for better access to diverse support options.

Objective: To explore fathers' experiences of support following neonatal death, including the availability and perceived adequacy of support, barriers and facilitators to support and desired support.

Study Design: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten Australian fathers who had experienced the death of a baby in the neonatal period at least 6 months previously. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.